PINPOINT: Gaming Technology for SCD Pain (Pinpoint II)
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The safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study sponsor and investigators. Listing a study does not mean it has been evaluated by the U.S. Federal Government. Read our disclaimer for details. |
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04579926 |
Recruitment Status :
Completed
First Posted : October 8, 2020
Last Update Posted : August 2, 2022
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Condition or disease | Intervention/treatment | Phase |
---|---|---|
Sickle Cell Disease Sickle Cell Anemia in Children Sickle Cell Thalassemia Sickle Cell SC Disease | Other: Pinpoint app | Not Applicable |
Study Type : | Interventional (Clinical Trial) |
Actual Enrollment : | 48 participants |
Allocation: | N/A |
Intervention Model: | Single Group Assignment |
Intervention Model Description: | Randomized step wedge design with multiple baselines |
Masking: | None (Open Label) |
Primary Purpose: | Supportive Care |
Official Title: | PINPOINT: Gaming Technology to Engage Adolescent Sickle Cell Patients in Precision Pain Phase II |
Actual Study Start Date : | September 19, 2018 |
Actual Primary Completion Date : | June 30, 2022 |
Actual Study Completion Date : | June 30, 2022 |

Arm | Intervention/treatment |
---|---|
Experimental: Pinpoint App
Tablet and smartphone application.
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Other: Pinpoint app
Tablet and smartphone app with pain assessment and communication education, and pain assessment tool. |
- Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) Knowledge Acquisition [ Time Frame: baseline ]Communicating about pain & SCD pain knowledge: The primary outcome measure will be developed with an Expert Advisory Board (EAB). Psychometric properties will be evaluated using a 3-step scale development process: (1)domain identification and item generation; (2)content expert validation, and (3)pilot test. The investigative team will generate items using a sorting process that encompasses themes/construct elements noted in the communication and pain identification literature (Step 1). Items will then be subjected to expert validation by the expert advisory board (Step 2), The Lawshe's Content Validity Ratio (CVR) will assess the content expert judgment; a minimum CVR value of 0.49 will be required for retention in the scale. For Step 3, usability testers will be asked to complete the measure to guide initial psychometric evidence and allow for revision of the instrument prior to study launch. Reporting of internal consistency reliability is a necessary part of scale development.
- Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) Knowledge Acquisition [ Time Frame: 4-weeks ]Communicating about pain and SCD pain knowledge: The primary outcome measure will be developed with the study's EAB. Psychometric properties will be evaluated using a 3-step scale development process: (1) domain identification and item generation; (2) content expert validation, and (3) pilot test. The investigative team will generate items using a sorting process that encompasses themes/construct elements noted in the communication and pain identification literature (Step 1). Items will then be subjected to expert validation by the expert advisory board (Step 2), The Lawshe's Content Validity Ratio (CVR) will assess the content expert judgment; a minimum CVR value of 0.49 will be required for retention in the scale. For Step 3, usability testers will be asked to complete the measure to guide initial psychometric evidence and allow for revision of the instrument prior to study launch. Reporting of internal consistency reliability is a necessary part of scale development.
- Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) Knowledge Acquisition [ Time Frame: 8-weeks ]Communicating about pain & SCD pain knowledge: The primary outcome measure will be developed with the study's EAB. Psychometric properties will be evaluated using a 3-step scale development process: (1)domain identification and item generation; (2)content expert validation, and (3)pilot test. The investigative team will generate items using a sorting process that encompasses themes/construct elements noted in the communication and pain identification literature (Step 1). Items will then be subjected to expert validation by the expert advisory board (Step 2), The Lawshe's Content Validity Ratio (CVR) will assess the content expert judgment; a minimum CVR value of 0.49 will be required for retention in the scale. For Step 3, usability testers will be asked to complete the measure to guide initial psychometric evidence and allow for revision of the instrument prior to study launch. Reporting of internal consistency reliability is a necessary part of scale development.
- Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) Knowledge Acquisition [ Time Frame: 12-weeks ]Communicating about pain & SCD pain knowledge: The primary outcome measure will be developed with the study's EAB. Psychometric properties will be evaluated using a 3-step scale development process: (1) domain identification and item generation; (2) content expert validation, and (3) pilot test. The investigative team will generate items using a sorting process that encompasses themes/construct elements noted in the communication and pain identification literature (Step 1). Items will then be subjected to expert validation by the expert advisory board (Step 2), The Lawshe's Content Validity Ratio (CVR) will assess the content expert judgment; a minimum CVR value of 0.49 will be required for retention in the scale. For Step 3, usability testers will be asked to complete the measure to guide initial psychometric evidence and allow for revision of the instrument prior to study launch. Reporting of internal consistency reliability is a necessary part of scale developmen
- Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) Knowledge Acquisition [ Time Frame: 16-weeks ]Communicating about pain & SCD pain knowledge: The primary outcome measure will be developed with the study's EAB. Psychometric properties will be evaluated using a 3-step scale development process: (1)domain identification and item generation; (2)content expert validation, and (3)pilot test. The investigative team will generate items using a sorting process that encompasses themes/construct elements noted in the communication and pain identification literature (Step 1). Items will then be subjected to expert validation by the expert advisory board (Step 2), The Lawshe's Content Validity Ratio (CVR) will assess the content expert judgment; a minimum CVR value of 0.49 will be required for retention in the scale. For Step 3, usability testers will be asked to complete the measure to guide initial psychometric evidence and allow for revision of the instrument prior to study launch. Reporting of internal consistency reliability is a necessary part of scale development.
- PROMIS® (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System) [ Time Frame: baseline ]subset of PROMIS measures: The PROMIS® (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System) is a set of self-report measures that evaluates physical, mental, and social health in adults and children living with or without chronic conditions. The following PROMIS measures will be administered: Family Relationships, Physical Activity, Physical Stress Experiences, Strength Impact, Pain Behavior, Pain Quality- Sensory, Pain Quality-Affective Pain Interference, Psychological Stress Experiences, and Peer Relationships domains. PROMIS measures are scored on the T-score metric in which 50 is the mean of a relevant reference population and 10 is the standard deviation (SD) of that population. High scores mean more of the concept being measured. On the T-score metric: A score of 40 is one SD lower than the mean of the reference population. A score of 60 is one SD higher than the mean of the reference population. This could be a desirable or undesirable outcome, depending upon the concept
- PROMIS® (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System) [ Time Frame: 4-weeks ]subset of PROMIS measures: The PROMIS® (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System) is a set of self-report measures that evaluates physical, mental, and social health in adults and children living with or without chronic conditions. The following PROMIS measures will be administered: Family Relationships, Physical Activity, Physical Stress Experiences, Strength Impact, Pain Behavior, Pain Quality- Sensory, Pain Quality-Affective Pain Interference, Psychological Stress Experiences, and Peer Relationships domains. PROMIS measures are scored on the T-score metric in which 50 is the mean of a relevant reference population and 10 is the standard deviation (SD) of that population. High scores mean more of the concept being measured. On the T-score metric: A score of 40 is one SD lower than the mean of the reference population. A score of 60 is one SD higher than the mean of the reference population. This could be a desirable or undesirable outcome, depending upon the concept
- PROMIS® (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System) [ Time Frame: 8-weeks ]subset of PROMIS measures: The PROMIS® (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System) is a set of self-report measures that evaluates physical, mental, and social health in adults and children living with or without chronic conditions. The following PROMIS measures will be administered: Family Relationships, Physical Activity, Physical Stress Experiences, Strength Impact, Pain Behavior, Pain Quality- Sensory, Pain Quality-Affective Pain Interference, Psychological Stress Experiences, and Peer Relationships domains. PROMIS measures are scored on the T-score metric in which 50 is the mean of a relevant reference population and 10 is the standard deviation (SD) of that population. High scores mean more of the concept being measured. On the T-score metric: A score of 40 is one SD lower than the mean of the reference population. A score of 60 is one SD higher than the mean of the reference population. This could be a desirable or undesirable outcome, depending upon the concept
- PROMIS® (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System) [ Time Frame: 12-weeks ]subset of PROMIS measures: The PROMIS® (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System) is a set of self-report measures that evaluates physical, mental, and social health in adults and children living with or without chronic conditions. The following PROMIS measures will be administered: Family Relationships, Physical Activity, Physical Stress Experiences, Strength Impact, Pain Behavior, Pain Quality- Sensory, Pain Quality-Affective Pain Interference, Psychological Stress Experiences, and Peer Relationships domains. PROMIS measures are scored on the T-score metric in which 50 is the mean of a relevant reference population and 10 is the standard deviation (SD) of that population. High scores mean more of the concept being measured. On the T-score metric: A score of 40 is one SD lower than the mean of the reference population. A score of 60 is one SD higher than the mean of the reference population. This could be a desirable or undesirable outcome, depending upon the concept
- PROMIS® (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System) [ Time Frame: 16-weeks ]subset of PROMIS measures: The PROMIS® (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System) is a set of self-report measures that evaluates physical, mental, and social health in adults and children living with or without chronic conditions. The following PROMIS measures will be administered: Family Relationships, Physical Activity, Physical Stress Experiences, Strength Impact, Pain Behavior, Pain Quality- Sensory, Pain Quality-Affective Pain Interference, Psychological Stress Experiences, and Peer Relationships domains. PROMIS measures are scored on the T-score metric in which 50 is the mean of a relevant reference population and 10 is the standard deviation (SD) of that population. High scores mean more of the concept being measured. On the T-score metric: A score of 40 is one SD lower than the mean of the reference population. A score of 60 is one SD higher than the mean of the reference population. This could be a desirable or undesirable outcome, depending upon the concept
- SCD Knowledge Quiz [ Time Frame: baseline ]SCD knowledge: The SCD Knowledge Quiz is a reliable 10-item measure developed from the Stepping Up to Adult Care Program. Content areas covered are SCD etiology, clinical manifestations, and medical management. Total scores are calculated by summing all items. Higher scores indicate better knowledge of SCD and its treatment.
- SCD Knowledge Quiz [ Time Frame: 4-weeks ]SCD knowledge: The SCD Knowledge Quiz is a reliable 10-item measure developed from the Stepping Up to Adult Care Program. Content areas covered are SCD etiology, clinical manifestations, and medical management. Total scores are calculated by summing all items. Higher scores indicate better knowledge of SCD and its treatment.
- SCD Knowledge Quiz [ Time Frame: 8-weeks ]SCD knowledge: The SCD Knowledge Quiz is a reliable 10-item measure developed from the Stepping Up to Adult Care Program. Content areas covered are SCD etiology, clinical manifestations, and medical management. Total scores are calculated by summing all items. Higher scores indicate better knowledge of SCD and its treatment.
- SCD Knowledge Quiz [ Time Frame: 12-weeks ]SCD knowledge: The SCD Knowledge Quiz is a reliable 10-item measure developed from the Stepping Up to Adult Care Program. Content areas covered are SCD etiology, clinical manifestations, and medical management. Total scores are calculated by summing all items. Higher scores indicate better knowledge of SCD and its treatment.
- SCD Knowledge Quiz [ Time Frame: 16-weeks ]SCD knowledge: The SCD Knowledge Quiz is a reliable 10-item measure developed from the Stepping Up to Adult Care Program. Content areas covered are SCD etiology, clinical manifestations, and medical management. Total scores are calculated by summing all items. Higher scores indicate better knowledge of SCD and its treatment.
- SCD Transition Knowledge Questionnaire [ Time Frame: baseline ]SCD knowledge: The SCD Transition Knowledge Questionnaire is a 25-item measure that assesses SCD knowledge relevant to preparation for transition to adult services. It is designed to assess knowledge in 7 areas: (1) pathophysiology, (2) genetics, (3) physical symptoms, (4) treatment, (5) self-care, (6) psychosocial and developmental issues, and (7) health care delivery. Higher scores indicate better knowledge of SCD and its treatment.
- SCD Transition Knowledge Questionnaire [ Time Frame: 4-weeks ]SCD knowledge: The SCD Transition Knowledge Questionnaire is a 25-item measure that assesses SCD knowledge relevant to preparation for transition to adult services. It is designed to assess knowledge in 7 areas: (1) pathophysiology, (2) genetics, (3) physical symptoms, (4) treatment, (5) self-care, (6) psychosocial and developmental issues, and (7) health care delivery. Higher scores indicate better knowledge of SCD and its treatment.
- SCD Transition Knowledge Questionnaire [ Time Frame: 8-weeks ]SCD knowledge: The SCD Transition Knowledge Questionnaire is a 25-item measure that assesses SCD knowledge relevant to preparation for transition to adult services. It is designed to assess knowledge in 7 areas: (1) pathophysiology, (2) genetics, (3) physical symptoms, (4) treatment, (5) self-care, (6) psychosocial and developmental issues, and (7) health care delivery. Higher scores indicate better knowledge of SCD and its treatment.
- SCD Transition Knowledge Questionnaire [ Time Frame: 12-weeks ]SCD knowledge: The SCD Transition Knowledge Questionnaire is a 25-item measure that assesses SCD knowledge relevant to preparation for transition to adult services. It is designed to assess knowledge in 7 areas: (1) pathophysiology, (2) genetics, (3) physical symptoms, (4) treatment, (5) self-care, (6) psychosocial and developmental issues, and (7) health care delivery. Higher scores indicate better knowledge of SCD and its treatment.
- SCD Transition Knowledge Questionnaire [ Time Frame: 16-weeks ]SCD knowledge: The SCD Transition Knowledge Questionnaire is a 25-item measure that assesses SCD knowledge relevant to preparation for transition to adult services. It is designed to assess knowledge in 7 areas: (1) pathophysiology, (2) genetics, (3) physical symptoms, (4) treatment, (5) self-care, (6) psychosocial and developmental issues, and (7) health care delivery. Higher scores indicate better knowledge of SCD and its treatment.
- Sickle Cell Self-efficacy Scale [ Time Frame: baseline ]SCD self-efficacy: This instrument, used to assess self-efficacy in adolescents with SCD, is comprised of 9 questions measuring participants' perceptions of their ability to function on a day-to-day basis and to manage SCD symptoms (e.g., pain). The instrument is reliable and valid for assessing adolescents' self-efficacy for engaging successfully in day-to-day activities despite having SCD. Responses from individual items are summed to give an overall score, with higher scores indicating greater self-efficacy.
- Sickle Cell Self-efficacy Scale [ Time Frame: 4-weeks ]SCD self-efficacy: This instrument, used to assess self-efficacy in adolescents with SCD, is comprised of 9 questions measuring participants' perceptions of their ability to function on a day-to-day basis and to manage SCD symptoms (e.g., pain). The instrument is reliable and valid for assessing adolescents' self-efficacy for engaging successfully in day-to-day activities despite having SCD. Responses from individual items are summed to give an overall score, with higher scores indicating greater self-efficacy.
- Sickle Cell Self-efficacy Scale [ Time Frame: 8-weeks ]SCD self-efficacy: This instrument, used to assess self-efficacy in adolescents with SCD, is comprised of 9 questions measuring participants' perceptions of their ability to function on a day-to-day basis and to manage SCD symptoms (e.g., pain). The instrument is reliable and valid for assessing adolescents' self-efficacy for engaging successfully in day-to-day activities despite having SCD. Responses from individual items are summed to give an overall score, with higher scores indicating greater self-efficacy.
- Sickle Cell Self-efficacy Scale [ Time Frame: 12-weeks ]SCD self-efficacy: This instrument, used to assess self-efficacy in adolescents with SCD, is comprised of 9 questions measuring participants' perceptions of their ability to function on a day-to-day basis and to manage SCD symptoms (e.g., pain). The instrument is reliable and valid for assessing adolescents' self-efficacy for engaging successfully in day-to-day activities despite having SCD. Responses from individual items are summed to give an overall score, with higher scores indicating greater self-efficacy.
- Sickle Cell Self-efficacy Scale [ Time Frame: 16-weeks ]SCD self-efficacy: This instrument, used to assess self-efficacy in adolescents with SCD, is comprised of 9 questions measuring participants' perceptions of their ability to function on a day-to-day basis and to manage SCD symptoms (e.g., pain). The instrument is reliable and valid for assessing adolescents' self-efficacy for engaging successfully in day-to-day activities despite having SCD. Responses from individual items are summed to give an overall score, with higher scores indicating greater self-efficacy.
- Adolescent Patient-Provider Interaction Scale [ Time Frame: baseline ]Adolescent patient-provider communication: This 9-item instrument is designed to assess adolescent patient-provider communication and empowerment. Total scores are obtained by summing the Likert-item responses for each question. One item is reverse coded. Higher scores represent better interactions.
- Adolescent Patient-Provider Interaction Scale [ Time Frame: 4-weeks ]Adolescent patient-provider communication: This 9-item instrument is designed to assess adolescent patient-provider communication and empowerment. Total scores are obtained by summing the Likert-item responses for each question. One item is reverse coded. Higher scores represent better interactions.
- Adolescent Patient-Provider Interaction Scale [ Time Frame: 8-weeks ]Adolescent patient-provider communication: This 9-item instrument is designed to assess adolescent patient-provider communication and empowerment. Total scores are obtained by summing the Likert-item responses for each question. One item is reverse coded. Higher scores represent better interactions.
- Adolescent Patient-Provider Interaction Scale [ Time Frame: 12-weeks ]Adolescent patient-provider communication: This 9-item instrument is designed to assess adolescent patient-provider communication and empowerment. Total scores are obtained by summing the Likert-item responses for each question. One item is reverse coded. Higher scores represent better interactions.
- Adolescent Patient-Provider Interaction Scale [ Time Frame: 16-weeks ]Adolescent patient-provider communication: This 9-item instrument is designed to assess adolescent patient-provider communication and empowerment. Total scores are obtained by summing the Likert-item responses for each question. One item is reverse coded. Higher scores represent better interactions.
- Family Cohesion scale from the Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ) [ Time Frame: baseline ]Family communication: Family cohesion will be assessed by the single item Family Cohesion scale ("In general, how would you rate your family's ability to get along with one another?") from the Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ), a pediatric QOL survey that has been normed for children age 5-18 years including those with chronic diseases. The option response is on a 5-point Likert scale. Th score is transformed to a 0 -100 scale, with a mean of 50 and standard deviation of 10. Higher scores better functioning.
- Family Cohesion scale from the Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ) [ Time Frame: 4-weeks ]Family communication: Family cohesion will be assessed by the single item Family Cohesion scale ("In general, how would you rate your family's ability to get along with one another?") from the Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ), a pediatric QOL survey that has been normed for children age 5-18 years including those with chronic diseases. The option response is on a 5-point Likert scale. Th score is transformed to a 0 -100 scale, with a mean of 50 and standard deviation of 10. Higher scores better functioning.
- Family Cohesion scale from the Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ) [ Time Frame: 8-weeks ]Family communication: Family cohesion will be assessed by the single item Family Cohesion scale ("In general, how would you rate your family's ability to get along with one another?") from the Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ), a pediatric QOL survey that has been normed for children age 5-18 years including those with chronic diseases. The option response is on a 5-point Likert scale. Th score is transformed to a 0 -100 scale, with a mean of 50 and standard deviation of 10. Higher scores better functioning.
- Family Cohesion scale from the Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ) [ Time Frame: 12-weeks ]Family communication: Family cohesion will be assessed by the single item Family Cohesion scale ("In general, how would you rate your family's ability to get along with one another?") from the Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ), a pediatric QOL survey that has been normed for children age 5-18 years including those with chronic diseases. The option response is on a 5-point Likert scale. Th score is transformed to a 0 -100 scale, with a mean of 50 and standard deviation of 10. Higher scores better functioning.
- Family Cohesion scale from the Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ) [ Time Frame: 16-weeks ]Family communication: Family cohesion will be assessed by the single item Family Cohesion scale ("In general, how would you rate your family's ability to get along with one another?") from the Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ), a pediatric QOL survey that has been normed for children age 5-18 years including those with chronic diseases. The option response is on a 5-point Likert scale. Th score is transformed to a 0 -100 scale, with a mean of 50 and standard deviation of 10. Higher scores better functioning.
- System Usability Scale (SUS) [ Time Frame: 16-weeks ]Technology acceptability: The System Usability Scale (SUS) is a reliable tool for measuring the usability of technologies. It consists of a 10-item questionnaire with five response options for respondents; from Strongly agree to Strongly disagree. The participant's scores for each question are converted to a new number, added together and then multiplied by 2.5 to convert the original scores of 0-40 to 0-100. Though the scores are 0-100, these are not percentages and should be considered only in terms of their percentile ranking. Based on research, a SUS score above a 68 would be considered above average and anything below 68 is below average.

Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study. To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contacts provided below. For general information, Learn About Clinical Studies.
Ages Eligible for Study: | 13 Years to 17 Years (Child) |
Sexes Eligible for Study: | All |
Accepts Healthy Volunteers: | Yes |
Inclusion Criteria:
- Be 13-17 years of age
- Be diagnosed with sickle cell disease
- Able to read and speak English
- Able to assent to participate
Exclusion Criteria:
- Not 13-17 years of age
- Not diagnosed with sickle cell disease
- Unable to read and speak English
- Unable to assent to participate

To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT04579926
United States, Colorado | |
Klein Buendel, Inc. | |
Golden, Colorado, United States, 80401 | |
United States, Indiana | |
Hilton Publishing Company | |
Munster, Indiana, United States, 463213963 |
Principal Investigator: | Valerie Myers, PhD | Klein Buendel, Inc. |
Responsible Party: | Klein Buendel, Inc. |
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT04579926 |
Other Study ID Numbers: |
322 R44MD010746-02 ( U.S. NIH Grant/Contract ) |
First Posted: | October 8, 2020 Key Record Dates |
Last Update Posted: | August 2, 2022 |
Last Verified: | July 2021 |
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product: | No |
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product: | No |
Anemia, Sickle Cell Thalassemia Hemoglobin SC Disease Anemia, Hemolytic, Congenital Anemia, Hemolytic |
Anemia Hematologic Diseases Hemoglobinopathies Genetic Diseases, Inborn |