Precision Exercise in Children With Malignant Hemopathies (SportTherapy)

State of the art. Today, thanks to the progress made in the early diagnosis and treatment of cancer, there are more than 300 thousand young patients in Europe who have been cured of pediatric cancer, and by 2020 there will be almost half a million . For these children and young people, having the opportunity to perform targeted physical activity during treatment plays a key role in preventing diseases due to physical inactivity, which are one of the worst and most widespread consequences for healed patients.

Children and adolescents suffering from cancer of the blood, because of the therapies to which they are subjected, suffer a progressive reduction in respiratory and cardiac capacity, as well as muscle strength. Targeted physical exercise is a possible therapeutic approach to solving their significant problems of reduced ability to perform exercise. It is possible to administer this type of therapy thanks to the synergy created by the collaboration between pediatricians, hematologists, and sports physicians.

Why is this research important? For at least three reasons:

1. the results of the "Sport Therapy" research project will launch precision training as one of the therapeutic weapons available to combat the consequences of hematological diseases in childhood;
2. by increasing the physical capacity of children and adolescents with malignant hemopathies during the phases of cancer treatment, the investigators will reduce the heavy legacy left by treatment, thus bridging the gap regarding their disadvantage towards healthy peers and ensuring their full reintegration into their communities (school, sport, social relations);
3. a standardization of the methodology for using precision exercise in hospitalized children and adolescents will facilitate the monitoring of the progress of these type of interventions at the international level and the data from the "Sport Therapy" project will allow governments and concerned bodies not to further postpone the establishment of strategies necessary to improve the health and welfare of people cured of cancer diseases.

Innovative aspects of research. At the end of the research project "Sport Therapy":

• new strategies will be available to combat cardiopulmonary and skeletal muscle damage resulting from anticancer therapies;
• it will be definitively demonstrated how, from the very beginning of the disease, physical exercise can be a therapeutic option and not just a decorative element in the critical process of caring for children and adolescents suffering from oncological blood diseases, from the beginning of the disease;
• the possibility of introducing new technical figures in the hospital context will be clear. Sports medicine physician and exercise physiologists will be part of the multidisciplinary team that connects the hospital environment to the territory;
• the future perspective, once the experimentation has been completed and the effectiveness of the precision training intervention on the psycho-physical health of children and adolescents suffering from cancer has been demonstrated, will be to make "Sport Therapy" a permanent care service during the treatment of patients of developing age.