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Toll-like Receptor (TLR) 7 Agonist, Cyclophosphamide, and Radiotherapy for Breast Cancer With Skin Metastases

The safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study sponsor and investigators. Listing a study does not mean it has been evaluated by the U.S. Federal Government. Read our disclaimer for details.
 
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01421017
Recruitment Status : Completed
First Posted : August 22, 2011
Results First Posted : November 18, 2021
Last Update Posted : November 18, 2021
Sponsor:
Collaborator:
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Information provided by (Responsible Party):
NYU Langone Health

Brief Summary:
This study is to find an optimal dose of Imiquimod (IMQ) in the first part (Phase I) and test the effectiveness of the combination treatment of IMQ, cyclophosphamide (CTX), and radiotherapy (RT) in patients with skin metastases from breast cancer in the second part (Phase II). Currently this trial is in its Phase II part.

Condition or disease Intervention/treatment Phase
Breast Cancer Metastatic Breast Cancer Recurrent Breast Cancer Radiation: Radiation Drug: Imiquimod Drug: Cyclophosphamide Phase 1 Phase 2

Detailed Description:

By harnessing the cytocidal and immunostimulatory properties of two local treatment modalities, RT and IMQ, an effective, adaptive immune response can be generated, resulting in systemic control of metastatic breast cancer after local treatment of cutaneous metastases. Additionally, based on investigators' recent preclinical data, the investigators intend to estimate in patients with metastatic breast cancer, if the addition of immunomodulatory cyclophosphamide can increase anti-tumor responses.

This trial originally had one treatment arm IMQ/RT(patients were treated with IMQ and RT). Recent evidence has emerged that the addition of immunomodulatory cyclophosphamide (CTX) increased anti-tumor responses, therefore the IMQ/RT arm is closed and the trial will continue with two additional cohorts (CTX/IMQ/RT and CTX/RT) which include cyclophosphamide.

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Study Type : Interventional  (Clinical Trial)
Actual Enrollment : 31 participants
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary Purpose: Treatment
Official Title: Phase I/II Study of TLR7 Agonist Imiquimod, Cyclophosphamide, and Radiotherapy in Breast Cancer Patients With Chest Wall Recurrence or Skin Metastases
Actual Study Start Date : August 19, 2011
Actual Primary Completion Date : July 1, 2016
Actual Study Completion Date : August 6, 2016

Resource links provided by the National Library of Medicine

MedlinePlus related topics: Breast Cancer

Arm Intervention/treatment
Experimental: IMQ+RT

This arm has been closed as of 6/4/2014.

  • Weeks 1-2: RT given to one metastatic skin site at 6 Gy on days 1, 3, 5, 8 and 10 (M-W-F-M-W)
  • Weeks 1-8: day 1-5 of each week: imiquimod 5% cream applied to all skin sites overnight, starting on day 1 after RT, day 6-7 of each week: rest period.
  • Week 9: response assessment

Patients may continue to receive additional cycles (same schedule, RT given to a different site), provided that patients wish to continue, are without clinically significant progression and further treatment may be beneficial in the opinion of the investigator.

Radiation: Radiation
Drug: Imiquimod
Other Name: ALDARA

Experimental: CTX/IMQ/RT
  • Week -1 (day-7): cyclophosphamide 200mg/m2 IV as single infusion
  • Weeks 1-2: RT given to one metastatic skin site at 6 Gy on days 1, 3, 5, 8 and 10 (M-W-F-M-W)
  • Weeks 1-8: day 1-5 of each week: imiquimod 5% cream applied all sites overnight, starting on day 1 after RT, day 6-7 of each week: rest period.
  • Week 9: response assessment

Patients may continue to receive additional cycles (same schedule, RT given to a different site), provided that patients wish to continue, are without clinically significant progression and further treatment may be beneficial in the opinion of the investigator.

Radiation: Radiation
Drug: Imiquimod
Other Name: ALDARA

Drug: Cyclophosphamide
Other Name: Cytoxan

Experimental: CTX/RT

For patients with only non-skin metastatic sites

First cycle (Cycle 1):

  • Week -1 (day -7): cyclophosphamide 200mg/m2 IV as single infusion
  • Weeks 1-2: RT given to one site at 6 Gy on days 1, 3, 5, 8 and 10 (M-W-F-M-W)
  • Week 9: response assessment

Patients may continue to receive additional cycles (same schedule, RT given to a different site), provided that patients wish to continue, are without clinically significant progression and further treatment may be beneficial in the opinion of the investigator.

Radiation: Radiation
Drug: Cyclophosphamide
Other Name: Cytoxan




Primary Outcome Measures :
  1. Systemic Tumor Response Rates (Complete Response+Partial Response) [ Time Frame: 9 weeks from the start of the treatment of RT ]
    The systemic tumor response refers to the response at the time of best overall response. The response criteria are specially adapted from Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumor for Immunotherapies (Wolchok, et al., 2009).


Secondary Outcome Measures :
  1. Local Skin Tumor Response Rates (Complete Response + Partial Response) [ Time Frame: 9 weeks from the start of the treatment ]
    The response refers to the best overall response, based on European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer's definitions for chest wall tumors (Kouloulias, et al., 2002).



Information from the National Library of Medicine

Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study. To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contacts provided below. For general information, Learn About Clinical Studies.


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Ages Eligible for Study:   18 Years and older   (Adult, Older Adult)
Sexes Eligible for Study:   Female
Accepts Healthy Volunteers:   No
Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Patients with biopsy-confirmed breast cancer.
  2. Patients with at least measurable skin metastases and distant, measurable metastases (outside of skin) by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST). For patients without distant measurable metastases, an area of the skin metastases designated to not receive local therapy can be substituted. Patients with multiple (>= 2) metastatic sites (skin involvement not required), with at least one site measurable by RECIST, will be eligible for the CTX/RT cohort.
  3. Age >= 18 years.
  4. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0-2.
  5. Patients must agree to tumor fine-needle aspiration required by protocol.
  6. Concurrent systemic cancer therapy (hormones, biologics or chemotherapy) can be continued if distant metastases are non-responsive (i.e. no complete response or partial response) on that regimen for >= 8 weeks as assessed by the investigator.
  7. Patients must have adequate organ and bone marrow function as defined below:

    • absolute neutrophil count >= 1,300/microliter
    • hemoglobin >= 9.0 grams/deciliter
    • platelets >= 75,000/microliter
    • total bilirubin =< 1.5 X institutional upper limit of normal
    • AST (aspartate aminotransferase) =< 2.5 X institutional upper limit of normal
    • ALT (alanine aminotransferase) =< 2.5 X institutional upper limit of normal
    • creatinine =< 2 X institutional upper limit of normal if patient has chronic renal insufficiency and creatinine has been stable for > 4 months)
  8. Informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Brain metastases unless resected or irradiated and stable >= 4 weeks.
  2. Concurrent treatment with other investigational agents.
  3. Patients who have received any local therapy (radiotherapy, high-potency corticosteroids, intralesional therapy, laser therapy or surgery) other than biopsy to the target area within 4 weeks prior to first dosing of study agent.
  4. Patients who have received hyperthermia to the target area within 10 weeks prior to first dosing of study agent.
  5. Patients with an uncontrolled bleeding disorder.
  6. Patients (with skin metastases only) who will be therapeutically anticoagulated with heparins or coumadin at the time of the biopsy (they are eligible if anticoagulation can be held prior to biopsy as per investigator). Patients on aspirin and other platelet agents are eligible.
  7. Patients with known immunodeficiency or receiving immunosuppressive therapies.
  8. History of allergic reactions to imiquimod or its excipients.
  9. Uncontrolled intercurrent medical illness or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements.
  10. Pregnancy or lactation.
  11. Women of childbearing potential not using a medically acceptable means of contraception.

Information from the National Library of Medicine

To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.

Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT01421017


Locations
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United States, New York
New York University Medical Center
New York, New York, United States, 10016
Sponsors and Collaborators
NYU Langone Health
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Investigators
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Principal Investigator: Sylvia Adams, MD NYU Langone Health
Publications:
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Responsible Party: NYU Langone Health
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01421017    
Other Study ID Numbers: 11-00598
1R01CA161891-01 ( U.S. NIH Grant/Contract )
First Posted: August 22, 2011    Key Record Dates
Results First Posted: November 18, 2021
Last Update Posted: November 18, 2021
Last Verified: October 2021

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Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product: Yes
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product: No
Product Manufactured in and Exported from the U.S.: Yes
Keywords provided by NYU Langone Health:
radiation therapy
combination therapy
immunotherapy
immune response modifier
immunostimulatory
immunomodulator
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
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Breast Neoplasms
Neoplasms by Site
Neoplasms
Breast Diseases
Skin Diseases
Cyclophosphamide
Imiquimod
Immunosuppressive Agents
Immunologic Factors
Physiological Effects of Drugs
Antirheumatic Agents
Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating
Alkylating Agents
Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action
Antineoplastic Agents
Myeloablative Agonists
Adjuvants, Immunologic
Interferon Inducers