September 21, 2022
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September 28, 2022
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September 29, 2022
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October 1, 2022
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October 2023 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure)
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- Effect of Ambroxol on Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) [ Time Frame: 3 months ]
Blood samples will be drawn at baseline and end of study to track changes in TNF-α using ELISA technique
- Effect of Ambroxol on NF-κB (or NF-kappaB, "nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells") [ Time Frame: 3 months ]
Blood samples will be drawn at baseline and end of study to track changes in NF-kappaB levels using ELISA technique
- Effect of Ambroxol on Superoxide dismutase [ Time Frame: 3 months ]
Blood samples will be drawn at baseline and end of study to track changes in Superoxide dismutase levels using spectrophotometric technique
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Effect of Ambroxol on inflammatory and oxidative stress markers [ Time Frame: 3 months ] Blood samples will be drawn at baseline and end of study to track changes in the level of inflammatory markers :Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), NF-κB (or NF-kappaB, "nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells") using ELISA technique and changes in oxidative stress marker ; Superoxide Dismutase using spectrophotometric assessment.
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- Effect of Ambroxol on clinical outcome : Toronto clinical scoring systems (TCSS) [ Time Frame: 3 months ]
Patient are going to be followed up every other week for detection of progression and severity of neuropathy.
- Effect of Ambroxol on clinical outcome : Michigan diabetic neuropathy score (MDNS) [ Time Frame: 3 months ]
Patient are going to be followed up every other week for detection of progression and severity of neuropathy.
- Effect of Ambroxol on clinical outcome : Pain assessment using the Numeric rating scale NRS [ Time Frame: 3 months ]
Patients are going to be followed up every other week to detect point decrease on pain scale
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Effect of Ambroxol on clinical outcome [ Time Frame: 3 months ] Patients will be assessed every other week . The clinical assessment will include a full clinical examination of the patients for classification of Diabetic peripheral neuropathy, staging of Diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
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Not Provided
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Not Provided
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Effect of Ambroxol in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
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Effect of Ambroxol on the Inflammatory Markers and Clinical Outcome of Patients With Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
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A prospective, randomized, controlled study will be conducted at Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, assessing the efficacy of Ambroxol addition on the clinical outcome and inflammatory markers in Diabetic peripheral neuropathy patients
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All patients presenting to the Endocrinology department, Ain Shams University Hospitals, will be assessed for eligibility as follow:
Inclusion criteria:
- Patients aged 18-75 years diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes.
- Patients diagnosed with Peripheral Diabetic Neuropathy.
Exclusion criteria:
- Patients with autoimmune disorders (Sjogren's syndrome, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis),inherited disorders causing PN (Charcot-Marie-Tooth), thyroid diseases, patients undergone gastroplasty surgery and cancer patients.
- Pressure on or injury to the nerves
- Patients with severe kidney or liver dysfunction.
- Patients with recent history of / or ongoing infection.
- Patients with cerebral vascular disease, vasculitis, peripheral arterial disease or claudication symptoms, toxic neuritis, vitamin B12 or folate deficiency, spondyloarthropathy, foot edema or ulcer and diagnosis of other neuromuscular disorders or neurodegenerative diseases.
- Use of medications or supplements known to cause peripheral neuropathy.
- Patients consuming alcohol, any antioxidant supplements or anti-inflammatory medicines and drug abuse.
- Ketoacidosis or hypoglycemia resulting in hospital admission within the last 3 months.
- Pregnancy or lactation or expecting to get pregnant during the study.
- Medical, psychological, behavioral or pharmacological factors interfering with ability to participate in trial, collection or interpretation of study data.
- Allergy to ambroxol.
Eligible patients will be randomly assigned to one of 2 groups:
Group 1, Ambroxol group (n=40): Patients will receive conventional therapy for diabetic neuropathy in addition to ambroxol 450 mg/day divided into 3 doses (each dose consists of two 75mg tablets) daily for 3 months.
Group 2, Control group (n= 40): Patients will receive conventional therapy for diabetic neuropathy for 3 months.
All subjects will sign an informed consent statement prior to inclusion in the study.
Follow up evaluation :
All patients in both groups will be followed up every other week & will be assessed for the following:
Diabetic neuropathy scoring, occurrence of side effects & Pain assessment.
End of study evaluation :
After 3 months, all patients will be assessed for the same parameters assessed at baseline.
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Interventional
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Not Applicable
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Allocation: Randomized Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment Masking: None (Open Label) Primary Purpose: Treatment
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Diabetic Neuropathy Peripheral
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Drug: Ambroxol Oral Product
Drug: Ambroxol (75 mg capsule)
Ambroxol is a mucolytic and expectorant drug. Ambroxol has been approved as lozenges for topical analgesia of sore throat in pharyngitis owing to its local anesthetic properties. Anti-inflammatory properties of ambroxol were confirmed by numerous studies. Ambroxol affect neuronal transduction by blocking (TTX)-resistant Na+ channels (Nav1.8) in small (pain-sensing) dorsal root ganglion neurons more potently than TTX-sensitive channels.
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- Experimental: Ambroxol (intervention arm)
40 patients will receive conventional therapy for diabetic neuropathy in addition to ambroxol 450 mg/day divided into 3 doses (each dose consists of 2 75mg capsules) daily for 3 months.
Intervention: Drug: Ambroxol Oral Product
- No Intervention: Control arm
40 patients will receive conventional therapy for diabetic neuropathy for 3 months.
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- Association, American Diabetes.
- Saeedi P, Petersohn I, Salpea P, Malanda B, Karuranga S, Unwin N, Colagiuri S, Guariguata L, Motala AA, Ogurtsova K, Shaw JE, Bright D, Williams R; IDF Diabetes Atlas Committee. Global and regional diabetes prevalence estimates for 2019 and projections for 2030 and 2045: Results from the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas, 9th edition. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2019 Nov;157:107843. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2019.107843. Epub 2019 Sep 10.
- Candrilli SD, Davis KL, Kan HJ, Lucero MA, Rousculp MD. Prevalence and the associated burden of illness of symptoms of diabetic peripheral neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy. J Diabetes Complications. 2007 Sep-Oct;21(5):306-14. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2006.08.002.
- Gregg EW, Sorlie P, Paulose-Ram R, Gu Q, Eberhardt MS, Wolz M, Burt V, Curtin L, Engelgau M, Geiss L; 1999-2000 national health and nutrition examination survey. Prevalence of lower-extremity disease in the US adult population >=40 years of age with and without diabetes: 1999-2000 national health and nutrition examination survey. Diabetes Care. 2004 Jul;27(7):1591-7. doi: 10.2337/diacare.27.7.1591.
- Albers JW, Pop-Busui R. Diabetic neuropathy: mechanisms, emerging treatments, and subtypes. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2014 Aug;14(8):473. doi: 10.1007/s11910-014-0473-5.
- Boulton AJ, Malik RA. Diabetic neuropathy. Med Clin North Am. 1998 Jul;82(4):909-29. doi: 10.1016/s0025-7125(05)70029-8.
- Soliman E,Gellido C.Diabetic Neuropathy. eMedicine.com March 29, 2002.
- Ang L, Cowdin N, Mizokami-Stout K, Pop-Busui R. Update on the Management of Diabetic Neuropathy. Diabetes Spectr. 2018 Aug;31(3):224-233. doi: 10.2337/ds18-0036.
- Boulton AJ, Malik RA, Arezzo JC, Sosenko JM. Diabetic somatic neuropathies. Diabetes Care. 2004 Jun;27(6):1458-86. doi: 10.2337/diacare.27.6.1458. No abstract available.
- Boulton AJ, Vinik AI, Arezzo JC, Bril V, Feldman EL, Freeman R, Malik RA, Maser RE, Sosenko JM, Ziegler D; American Diabetes Association. Diabetic neuropathies: a statement by the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care. 2005 Apr;28(4):956-62. doi: 10.2337/diacare.28.4.956. No abstract available.
- Dyck PJ, Albers JW, Andersen H, Arezzo JC, Biessels GJ, Bril V, Feldman EL, Litchy WJ, O'Brien PC, Russell JW; Toronto Expert Panel on Diabetic Neuropathy. Diabetic polyneuropathies: update on research definition, diagnostic criteria and estimation of severity. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2011 Oct;27(7):620-8. doi: 10.1002/dmrr.1226.
- Thomas PK. Classification, differential diagnosis, and staging of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Diabetes. 1997 Sep;46 Suppl 2:S54-7. doi: 10.2337/diab.46.2.s54.
- American Diabetes Association. Standardized measures in diabetic neuropathy. Diabetes Care 1996;19(1S):72S-92S.
- Pang L, Lian X, Liu H, Zhang Y, Li Q, Cai Y, Ma H, Yu X. Understanding Diabetic Neuropathy: Focus on Oxidative Stress. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2020 Jul 31;2020:9524635. doi: 10.1155/2020/9524635. eCollection 2020.
- Elmarakby AA, Sullivan JC. Relationship between oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines in diabetic nephropathy. Cardiovasc Ther. 2012 Feb;30(1):49-59. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-5922.2010.00218.x. Epub 2010 Aug 16.
- Sandireddy R, Yerra VG, Areti A, Komirishetty P, Kumar A. Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in diabetic neuropathy: futuristic strategies based on these targets. Int J Endocrinol. 2014;2014:674987. doi: 10.1155/2014/674987. Epub 2014 Apr 30.
- Kasznicki J, Kosmalski M, Sliwinska A, Mrowicka M, Stanczyk M, Majsterek I, Drzewoski J. Evaluation of oxidative stress markers in pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy. Mol Biol Rep. 2012 Sep;39(9):8669-78. doi: 10.1007/s11033-012-1722-9. Epub 2012 Jun 21.
- Ganesh Yerra V, Negi G, Sharma SS, Kumar A. Potential therapeutic effects of the simultaneous targeting of the Nrf2 and NF-kappaB pathways in diabetic neuropathy. Redox Biol. 2013 Aug 1;1(1):394-7. doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2013.07.005.
- Sheikh, W. M. E., Alahmar, I. E., Salem, G. M., & El-Sheikh, M. A. (2019). Tumor necrosis factor alpha in peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Egyptian Journal of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery, 55(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41983-019-0080-0
- Heidari N, Sajedi F, Mohammadi Y, Mirjalili M, Mehrpooya M. Ameliorative Effects Of N-Acetylcysteine As Adjunct Therapy On Symptoms Of Painful Diabetic Neuropathy. J Pain Res. 2019 Nov 19;12:3147-3159. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S228255. eCollection 2019.
- Vallianou N, Evangelopoulos A, Koutalas P. Alpha-lipoic Acid and diabetic neuropathy. Rev Diabet Stud. 2009 Winter;6(4):230-6. doi: 10.1900/RDS.2009.6.230. Epub 2009 Dec 30.
- Beeh KM, Beier J, Esperester A, Paul LD. Antiinflammatory properties of ambroxol. Eur J Med Res. 2008 Dec 3;13(12):557-62.
- Su X, Wang L, Song Y, Bai C. Inhibition of inflammatory responses by ambroxol, a mucolytic agent, in a murine model of acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide. Intensive Care Med. 2004 Jan;30(1):133-40. doi: 10.1007/s00134-003-2001-y. Epub 2003 Sep 20.
- Xia DH, Xi L, Xv C, Mao WD, Shen WS, Shu ZQ, Yang HZ, Dai M. The protective effects of ambroxol on radiation lung injury and influence on production of transforming growth factor beta1 and tumor necrosis factor alpha. Med Oncol. 2010 Sep;27(3):697-701. doi: 10.1007/s12032-009-9271-3. Epub 2009 Jul 28.
- Sunkari S, Thatikonda S, Pooladanda V, Challa VS, Godugu C. Protective effects of ambroxol in psoriasis like skin inflammation: Exploration of possible mechanisms. Int Immunopharmacol. 2019 Jun;71:301-312. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.03.035. Epub 2019 Mar 29.
- Puschmann S, Engelhorn R. [Pharmacological study on the bromhexine metabolite ambroxol (author's transl)]. Arzneimittelforschung. 1978;28(5a):889-98. No abstract available. German.
- Schutz A, Gund HJ, Pschorn U, Aicher B, Peil H, Muller A, de Mey C, Gillissen A. Local anaesthetic properties of ambroxol hydrochloride lozenges in view of sore throat. Clinical proof of concept. Arzneimittelforschung. 2002;52(3):194-9. doi: 10.1055/s-0031-1299879.
- Weiser T (2000) The secretolytic ambroxol blocks neuronal Na+channels. Soc Neurosci Abstr 454.14.
- Weiser T, Wilson N. Inhibition of tetrodotoxin (TTX)-resistant and TTX-sensitive neuronal Na(+) channels by the secretolytic ambroxol. Mol Pharmacol. 2002 Sep;62(3):433-8. doi: 10.1124/mol.62.3.433.
- Weiser T. Comparison of the effects of four Na+ channel analgesics on TTX-resistant Na+ currents in rat sensory neurons and recombinant Nav1.2 channels. Neurosci Lett. 2006 Mar 13;395(3):179-84. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2005.10.058. Epub 2005 Nov 15.
- Gaida W, Klinder K, Arndt K, Weiser T. Ambroxol, a Nav1.8-preferring Na(+) channel blocker, effectively suppresses pain symptoms in animal models of chronic, neuropathic and inflammatory pain. Neuropharmacology. 2005 Dec;49(8):1220-7. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2005.08.004. Epub 2005 Sep 21.
- Pawlinski L, Krawczyk M, Fiema M, Tobor E, Kiec-Wilk B. Dual-action ambroxol in treatment of chronic pain in Gaucher Disease. Eur J Pain. 2020 May;24(5):992-996. doi: 10.1002/ejp.1538. Epub 2020 Mar 9.
- Kern KU, Weiser T. Topical ambroxol for the treatment of neuropathic pain. An initial clinical observation. Schmerz. 2015 Dec;29 Suppl 3(Suppl 3):S89-96. doi: 10.1007/s00482-015-0060-y.
- Mullin S, Smith L, Lee K, D'Souza G, Woodgate P, Elflein J, Hallqvist J, Toffoli M, Streeter A, Hosking J, Heywood WE, Khengar R, Campbell P, Hehir J, Cable S, Mills K, Zetterberg H, Limousin P, Libri V, Foltynie T, Schapira AHV. Ambroxol for the Treatment of Patients With Parkinson Disease With and Without Glucocerebrosidase Gene Mutations: A Nonrandomized, Noncontrolled Trial. JAMA Neurol. 2020 Apr 1;77(4):427-434. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2019.4611.
- Narita A, Shirai K, Itamura S, Matsuda A, Ishihara A, Matsushita K, Fukuda C, Kubota N, Takayama R, Shigematsu H, Hayashi A, Kumada T, Yuge K, Watanabe Y, Kosugi S, Nishida H, Kimura Y, Endo Y, Higaki K, Nanba E, Nishimura Y, Tamasaki A, Togawa M, Saito Y, Maegaki Y, Ohno K, Suzuki Y. Ambroxol chaperone therapy for neuronopathic Gaucher disease: A pilot study. Ann Clin Transl Neurol. 2016 Feb 2;3(3):200-15. doi: 10.1002/acn3.292. eCollection 2016 Mar.
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Not yet recruiting
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80
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Same as current
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November 2023
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October 2023 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure)
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Inclusion Criteria:
- Patients aged 18-75 years diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes.
- Patients diagnosed with Peripheral Diabetic Neuropathy.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Patients with autoimmune disorders (Sjogren's syndrome, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis),inherited disorders causing PN (Charcot-Marie-Tooth), thyroid diseases, patients undergone gastroplasty surgery and cancer patients.
- Pressure on or injury to the nerves
- Patients with severe kidney or liver dysfunction.
- Patients with recent history of / or ongoing infection.
- Patients with cerebral vascular disease, vasculitis, peripheral arterial disease or claudication symptoms, toxic neuritis, vitamin B12 or folate deficiency, spondyloarthropathy, foot edema or ulcer and diagnosis of other neuromuscular disorders or neurodegenerative diseases.
- Use of medications or supplements known to cause peripheral neuropathy.
- Patients consuming alcohol, any antioxidant supplements or anti-inflammatory medicines and drug abuse.
- Ketoacidosis or hypoglycemia resulting in hospital admission within the last 3 months.
- Pregnancy or lactation or expecting to get pregnant during the study.
- Medical, psychological, behavioral or pharmacological factors interfering with ability to participate in trial, collection or interpretation of study data.
- Allergy to ambroxol.
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Sexes Eligible for Study: |
All |
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18 Years to 75 Years (Adult, Older Adult)
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No
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Egypt
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NCT05558878
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Ambroxol in DPN
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Not Provided
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Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product: |
No |
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product: |
No |
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Beshoy Thabit, Ain Shams University
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Same as current
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Ain Shams University
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Same as current
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Not Provided
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Not Provided
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Ain Shams University
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September 2022
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