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Immunotherapy With or Without Radiation Therapy for Metastatic Urothelial Cancer

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ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04936230
Recruitment Status : Suspended (Drug Supply Issues)
First Posted : June 23, 2021
Last Update Posted : February 14, 2023
Sponsor:
Information provided by (Responsible Party):
National Cancer Institute (NCI)

Study Description
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Brief Summary:
This phase II trial compares the effect of adding radiation therapy to an immunotherapy drug called atezolizumab vs. atezolizumab alone in treating patients with urothelial cancer that has spread to other places in the body (metastatic). The addition of radiation to immunotherapy may shrink the cancer, but it could also cause side effects. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies such as atezolizumab, may help the body's immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is a type of radiation therapy that uses high energy x-rays to kill tumor cells and shrink tumors. This method uses special equipment to position a patient and precisely deliver radiation to tumors with high precision. This method may kill tumor cells with fewer doses over a shorter period and may cause less damage to normal tissue than conventional radiation therapy. The combination of atezolizumab and radiation therapy may be more efficient in killing tumor cells.

Condition or disease Intervention/treatment Phase
Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma Platinum-Resistant Urothelial Carcinoma Stage IV Bladder Cancer AJCC v8 Biological: Atezolizumab Other: Quality-of-Life Assessment Other: Questionnaire Administration Radiation: Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Phase 2

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Study Design
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Study Type : Interventional  (Clinical Trial)
Estimated Enrollment : 144 participants
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary Purpose: Treatment
Official Title: Phase II Randomized Trial of Atezolizumab Versus Atezolizumab and Radiation Therapy for Platinum Ineligible/Refractory Metastatic Urothelial Cancer (ART)
Actual Study Start Date : December 1, 2021
Estimated Primary Completion Date : April 30, 2023
Estimated Study Completion Date : April 30, 2023

Resource links provided by the National Library of Medicine


Arms and Interventions
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Arm Intervention/treatment
Experimental: Arm A (atezolizumab)
Patients receive atezolizumab IV over 30-60 minutes on day 1 of each cycle. Cycles repeat every 3 weeks in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
 Biological: Atezolizumab
Given IV
Other Names:
  • MPDL 3280A
  • MPDL 328OA
  • MPDL-3280A
  • MPDL3280A
  • MPDL328OA
  • RG7446
  • RO5541267
  • Tecentriq

Other: Quality-of-Life Assessment
Ancillary studies
Other Name: Quality of Life Assessment

Other: Questionnaire Administration
Ancillary studies
Experimental: Arm B (atezolizumab, SBRT)
Patients receive atezolizumab as in Arm A. Patients also undergo SBRT for 3 fractions over 2 weeks in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
 Biological: Atezolizumab
Given IV
Other Names:
  • MPDL 3280A
  • MPDL 328OA
  • MPDL-3280A
  • MPDL3280A
  • MPDL328OA
  • RG7446
  • RO5541267
  • Tecentriq

Other: Quality-of-Life Assessment
Ancillary studies
Other Name: Quality of Life Assessment

Other: Questionnaire Administration
Ancillary studies

Radiation: Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy
Undergo SBRT
Other Names:
  • SABR
  • SBRT
  • Stereotactic Ablative Body Radiation Therapy


Outcome Measures
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Primary Outcome Measures :
  1. Tumor response [ Time Frame: Up to 6 months from randomization ]
    Will be defined as a complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) as assessed by the treating physician using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version (v) 1.1 criteria.


Secondary Outcome Measures :
  1. Tumor response [ Time Frame: Up to 3 years from randomization ]
    Will be assessed by immune modified (i)RECIST.

  2. Progression-free survival (PFS) [ Time Frame: Time from randomization until disease progression as assessed by the treating physician using RECIST 1.1 or death due to any cause, assessed up to 3 years ]
    Stratified Cox models will be used to compare the outcomes between the two treatment groups.

  3. Overall survival (OS) [ Time Frame: Time from randomization until death due to any cause. Patients who are not known to be dead at time of analysis will be censored at the time of their last follow-up, assessed up to 3 years ]
    Stratified Cox models will be used to compare the outcomes between the two treatment groups.

  4. Rate of treatment discontinuation [ Time Frame: At 1 year ]
    The proportion of patients who discontinue their protocol directed treatment prior to one year from date of study registration will be determined. Patients who stop their protocol directed treatment for any reason prior to one year from study registration will be considered to have discontinued their treatment.

  5. Incidence of adverse events [ Time Frame: Up to 3 years from randomization ]
    Will be assessed by Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0. Adverse events will be summarized with frequencies and relative frequencies.


Eligibility Criteria
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Information from the National Library of Medicine

Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study. To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contacts provided below. For general information, Learn About Clinical Studies.


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Ages Eligible for Study:   18 Years and older   (Adult, Older Adult)
Sexes Eligible for Study:   All
Accepts Healthy Volunteers:   No
Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

  • PRE-REGISTRATION INCLUSION
  • Histologically confirmed metastatic urothelial carcinoma

  • Patients must be either ineligible for platinum treatment or platinum refractory as defined below:

    • Platinum-ineligible: If patients meet any one of the following criteria:

      • Impaired renal function (creatinine clearance [CrCl] of < 30 mL/min)
      • Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) of > 2
      • Grade > 2 peripheral neuropathy
      • New York Heart Association (NYHA) Heart Failure of > 3

    • Platinum-refractory: If patients meet any one of the following criteria:

      • Prior platinum-based perioperative chemotherapy within 12 months of relapse
      • Prior platinum-based chemotherapy for metastatic disease
  • Patients must have tissue available for central PD-L1 determination stratification OR agree to undergo a biopsy for additional tissue
  • Patients must have at least one measurable site >= 1 cm in diameter per RECIST 1.1 and a site targetable for radiotherapy. Measurable site must not overlap with radiated site such that measurable site cannot receive > 2 Gy per fraction
  • Patients must have measurable disease, defined as at least one lesion that can be accurately measured in at least one dimension (longest diameter to be recorded for non-nodal lesions and short axis for nodal lesions)
  • REGISTRATION INCLUSION
  • Men and women, ages >= 18 years of age
  • ECOG performance status =< 2
  • Leukocytes >= 2,500/mm^3
  • Absolute neutrophil count >= 1,500/mm^3
  • Platelets >= 100,000/mm^3
  • Hemoglobin >= 8 g/dL
  • Creatinine clearance (CrCl) of 30 to 59 mL/min
  • Total bilirubin =< 1.5 x institutional upper limit of normal (ULN) (however, patients with known Gilbert disease who have serum bilirubin level =< 3 x ULN may be enrolled)

  • Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase [SGOT])/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase [SGPT]) =< 3 x upper limit of normal (ULN)

    • AST and/or ALT =< 5 x ULN for patients with liver involvement

  • Alkaline phosphatase =< 2.5 x ULN

    • =< 5 x ULN for patients with documented liver involvement or bone metastases

  • Institutional normalized ratio (INR) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) =< 1.5 x ULN

    • This applies only to patients who do not receive therapeutic anticoagulation; patients receiving therapeutic anticoagulation, such as low-molecular-weight heparin or warfarin, should be on a stable dose
  • No prior allogeneic bone marrow transplantation or prior solid organ transplantation
  • No prior radiotherapy to targetable site or measurable site

  • No chemotherapy or radiotherapy within 4 weeks prior to entering the study or those who have not recovered from adverse events (other than alopecia) due to agents administered more than 4 weeks earlier. However, the following therapies are allowed:

    • Hormone-replacement therapy or oral contraceptives
    • Palliative radiotherapy for bone metastases > 2 weeks prior to registration
  • No prior treatment with CD137 agonists or immune checkpoint blockade therapies, including anti-CTLA-4, anti-PD-1, and anti-PD-L1 therapeutic antibodies
  • No treatment with systemic immunostimulatory agents (including, but not limited to, interferon and interleukin 2 [IL-2]) within 4 weeks or 5 half-lives of the drug (whichever is longer) prior to initiation of study treatment
  • No prior treatment with any other investigational agent within 4 weeks prior to registration
  • No prior treatment with systemic immunostimulatory agents (including, but not limited to, interferon [IFN]-alpha or interleukin [IL]-2) within 6 weeks prior to registration
  • Any prior systemic therapy is permitted except therapy with PD1/PDL1 inhibitor
  • Patients who have received acute, low dose, systemic immunosuppressant medications (e.g., a one-time dose of dexamethasone for nausea) may be enrolled
  • The use of inhaled corticosteroids and mineralocorticoids (e.g., fludrocortisone) for patients with orthostatic hypotension or adrenocortical insufficiency is allowed
  • No active tuberculosis (TB)
  • No known additional malignancy that is progressing or requires active treatment. Exceptions include basal cell carcinoma of the skin or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin that has undergone potentially curative therapy or in situ cervical cancer

  • Patients with asymptomatic treated CNS metastases may be enrolled, provided all the criteria listed above are met as well as the following:

    • Radiographic demonstration of improvement upon the completion of CNS directed therapy and no evidence of interim progression between the completion of CNS directed therapy and the screening radiographic study
    • No stereotactic radiation or whole-brain radiation within 28 days prior to registration
    • Screening CNS radiographic study >= 4 weeks from completion of radiotherapy and >= 2 weeks from discontinuation of corticosteroids
  • No active autoimmune disease that has required systemic treatment in the past 2 years (i.e. with use of disease modifying agents, corticosteroids or immunosuppressive drugs). Replacement therapy (e.g. thyroxine, insulin, or physiologic corticosteroid replacement therapy for adrenal or pituitary insufficiency, etc.) is not considered a form of systemic treatment
  • Patients with a history of autoimmune hypothyroidism on a stable dose of thyroid replacement hormone are eligible
  • No known history of, or any evidence of active, non-infectious pneumonitis or colitis
  • No known hypersensitivity to Chinese hamster ovary cell products or other recombinant human antibodies
  • No history of severe allergic, anaphylactic, or other hypersensitivity reactions to chimeric or humanized antibodies or fusion proteins
  • No known clinically significant liver disease, including active viral, alcoholic, or other hepatitis; cirrhosis; fatty liver; and inherited liver disease
  • No history of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, pneumonitis (including drug induced), organizing pneumonia (i.e., bronchiolitis obliterans, cryptogenic organizing pneumonia, etc.), or evidence of active pneumonitis on screening chest computed tomography (CT) scan. History of radiation pneumonitis in the radiation field (fibrosis) is permitted
  • No significant cardiovascular disease (such as New York Heart Association class II or greater cardiac disease, myocardial infarction, or cerebrovascular accident) within 3 months prior to initiation of study treatment, unstable arrhythmia, or unstable angina
  • No other disease, metabolic dysfunction, physical examination finding, or clinical laboratory finding that contraindicates the use of an investigational drug, may affect the interpretation of the results, or may render the patient at high risk from treatment complications
  • No history of leptomeningeal disease
  • No uncontrolled tumor-related pain
  • Patients requiring pain medication must be on a stable regimen at study entry
  • Symptomatic lesions (e.g., bone metastases or metastases causing nerve impingement) amenable to palliative radiotherapy should be treated prior to enrollment. Patients should be recovered from the effects of radiation. There is no required minimum recovery period
  • Asymptomatic metastatic lesions that would likely cause functional deficits or intractable pain with further growth (e.g., epidural metastasis that is not currently associated with spinal cord compression) should be considered for loco-regional therapy if appropriate prior to enrollment
  • No uncontrolled pleural effusion, pericardial effusion, or ascites requiring recurrent drainage procedures (once monthly or more frequently). Patients with indwelling catheters (e.g., PleurX) are allowed
  • Patients with controlled type 1 diabetes mellitus on a stable insulin regimen are eligible

  • Patients with eczema, psoriasis, lichen simplex chronicus of vitiligo with dermatologic manifestations only (e.g., patients with psoriatic arthritis would be excluded) are permitted provided that they meet the following conditions:

    • Patients with psoriasis must have a baseline ophthalmologic exam to rule out ocular manifestations
    • Rash must cover less than 10% of body surface area (BSA)
    • Disease is well controlled at baseline and only requiring low potency topical steroids (e.g., hydrocortisone 2.5%, hydrocortisone butyrate 0.1%, flucinolone 0.01%, desonide 0.05%, aclometasone dipropionate 0.05%)
  • No acute exacerbations of underlying condition within the last 12 months (not requiring psoralen plus ultraviolet A radiation [PUVA], methotrexate, retinoids, biologic agents, oral calcineurin inhibitors; high potency or oral steroids)
  • No uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements
  • No active infections requiring systemic antibiotics within 2 weeks prior to registration. Patients receiving prophylactic antibiotics (e.g., for prevention of a urinary tract infection or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) are eligible
  • No major surgical procedure within 28 days prior to registration or anticipation of need for a major surgical procedure during the course of the study
  • No administration of a live, attenuated vaccine within 30 days before registration or anticipation that such a live, attenuated vaccine will be required during the study and up to 5 months after the last dose of atezolizumab
  • Patients who have received live attenuated vaccines within 30 days of the first dose of trial treatment are eligible at the discretion of the investigator. All seasonal influenza vaccines and vaccines intended to prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are allowed

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Physicians should consider whether any of the following may render the patient inappropriate for this protocol:

    • Patients with life expectancy of less than 6 months
    • Psychiatric illness which would prevent the patient from giving informed consent

    • Medical conditions such as uncontrolled infection, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus or cardiac disease which, in the opinion of the treating physician, would make this protocol unreasonably hazardous for the patient.

      • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients on effective anti-retroviral therapy with undetectable viral load within 6 months are eligible for this trial.
      • For patients with evidence of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, the HBV viral load must be undetectable on suppressive therapy, if indicated.
      • Patients with a history of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection must have been treated and cured. For patients with HCV infection who are currently on treatment, they are eligible if they have an undetectable HCV viral load.
    • Patients with a "currently active" second malignancy other than non-melanoma skin cancers or cervical carcinoma in situ. Patients are not considered to have a "currently active" malignancy if they have completed therapy and are free of disease for >= 3 years.

  • Women and men of reproductive potential should agree to use an appropriate method of birth control throughout their participation in this study and for 5 months (150 days) after the last dose of study agent due to the teratogenic potential of the therapy utilized in this trial. Appropriate methods of birth control include abstinence, oral contraceptives, implantable hormonal contraceptives or double barrier method (diaphragm plus condom). Should a woman become pregnant or suspect she is pregnant while she or her partner is participating in this study, she should inform her treating physician immediately.

    • A female of childbearing potential is a sexually mature female who: 1) has not undergone a hysterectomy or bilateral oophorectomy; or 2) has not been naturally postmenopausal for at least 12 consecutive months (i.e., has had menses at any time in the preceding 12 consecutive months).
  • REGISTRATION EXCLUSION

  • Patients with known primary central nervous system (CNS) malignancy or symptomatic CNS metastases are excluded, with the following exceptions: Patients with asymptomatic untreated CNS disease may be enrolled, provided all of the following criteria are met:

    • Evaluable or measurable disease outside the CNS
    • No metastases to brain stem, midbrain, pons, medulla, cerebellum, or within 10 mm of the optic apparatus (optic nerves and chiasm)
    • No history of intracranial hemorrhage or spinal cord hemorrhage
    • No ongoing requirement for dexamethasone for CNS disease; patients on a stable dose of anticonvulsants are permitted.
    • No neurosurgical resection or brain biopsy within 28 days prior to registration
Contacts and Locations
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Top of Page Study Description Study Design Arms and Interventions Outcome Measures Eligibility Criteria Contacts and Locations More Information

Information from the National Library of Medicine

To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.

Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT04936230


Locations
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Sponsors and Collaborators
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Investigators
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Principal Investigator: Himanshu Nagar Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology
More Information
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Responsible Party: National Cancer Institute (NCI)
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04936230    
Other Study ID Numbers: NCI-2021-06326
NCI-2021-06326 ( Registry Identifier: CTRP (Clinical Trial Reporting Program) )
A032002 ( Other Identifier: Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology )
A032002 ( Other Identifier: CTEP )
U10CA180821 ( U.S. NIH Grant/Contract )
First Posted: June 23, 2021    Key Record Dates
Last Update Posted: February 14, 2023
Last Verified: February 2023
Individual Participant Data (IPD) Sharing Statement:
Plan to Share IPD: Yes
Plan Description: NCI is committed to sharing data in accordance with NIH policy. For more details on how clinical trial data is shared, access the link to the NIH data sharing policy page.
URL: https://grants.nih.gov/policy/sharing.htm

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Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product: Yes
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product: No
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
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Carcinoma
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell
Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial
Neoplasms by Histologic Type
Neoplasms
 Atezolizumab
Antibodies, Monoclonal
Antineoplastic Agents
Immunologic Factors
Physiological Effects of Drugs