Recombinant Human Angiotensin-converting Enzyme 2 (rhACE2) as a Treatment for Patients With COVID-19 (APN01-COVID-19)
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| ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04335136 |
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Recruitment Status :
Completed
First Posted : April 6, 2020
Results First Posted : August 2, 2021
Last Update Posted : August 2, 2021
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| Condition or disease | Intervention/treatment | Phase |
|---|---|---|
| COVID-19 | Drug: RhACE2 APN01 Drug: Physiological saline solution | Phase 2 |
| Study Type : | Interventional (Clinical Trial) |
| Actual Enrollment : | 185 participants |
| Allocation: | Randomized |
| Intervention Model: | Parallel Assignment |
| Masking: | Double (Participant, Investigator) |
| Primary Purpose: | Treatment |
| Official Title: | Recombinant Human Angiotensin-converting Enzyme 2 (rhACE2) as a Treatment for Patients With COVID-19 |
| Actual Study Start Date : | April 30, 2020 |
| Actual Primary Completion Date : | December 26, 2020 |
| Actual Study Completion Date : | December 26, 2020 |
| Arm | Intervention/treatment |
|---|---|
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Active Comparator: Group A (active) APN01
Recombinant human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (rhACE2) - APN01
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Drug: RhACE2 APN01
Patients will be treated with APN01 intravenously twice daily (BID).
Other Names:
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| Placebo Comparator: Group B (placebo control) |
Drug: Physiological saline solution
Patients will be treated with placebo intravenously twice daily (BID). |
- All Cause-death or Invasive Mechanical Ventilation [ Time Frame: 28 days ]The primary endpoint was a composite endpoint of all cause-death or invasive mechanical ventilation up to 28 days or hospital discharge.
- Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) Level [ Time Frame: Day 5 ]Log transformed levels of LDH at Day 5 as a surrogate marker for organ damage (powered secondary endpoint).
- Mortality [ Time Frame: 28 days ]28-day mortality (all cause-death).
- Ventilator-free Days (VFD) [ Time Frame: 28 days ]
VFD up to 28 days or hospital discharge. VFD and mechanical-VFD (mVFD) were calculated as time in the study minus duration of ventilation and were set to zero if the duration of ventilation exceeded the time in the study.
Three analysis approaches were used: 1) Death not censored: (m)VFD was set to zero for patients who died. 2) Death censored: patients who died before or on Day 28 were censored at the day before death. 3) Alive patients analyzed: only patients who were alive at Day 28, hospital discharge, or early termination were included in the analysis.
- Time to Death [ Time Frame: 28 days ]Time to death (all causes).
- Number of Responders, Defined as ≥2 Improvement in World Health Organization (WHO)'s 11-Point Score System at Days 7, 10, 14 and 28 [ Time Frame: Day 7, Day 10, Day 14, Day 28 ]
The WHO Clinical Progression Scale provides a measure of illness severity across an 11 point range from 0 (not infected) to 10 (dead) as follows (scores 4-9 contain measures of respiratory failure):
Uninfected, no viral deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) detected = 0;
Asymptomatic, viral DNA detected = 1;
Symptomatic, independent = 2;
Symptomatic, assistance needed = 3;
Hospitalized, no oxygen therapy = 4;
Hospitalized, oxygen by mask or nasal prongs = 5;
Hospitalized, oxygen by non-invasive ventilation (NIV) or high flow = 6;
Intubation and mechanical ventilation, partial pressure of oxygen (pO2)/fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2)≥ 150 or oxygen saturation (SpO2)/FiO2≥200 = 7;
Mechanical ventilation, pO2/FiO2 < 150 (SpO2/FiO2 < 200) or vasopressors = 8;
Mechanical ventilation, pO2/FiO2 < 150 and vasopressors, dialysis, or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) = 9;
Dead = 10.
A decrease in the score reflects an improvement.
- Time to Hospital Discharge [ Time Frame: Up to 28 days ]
The number of days from randomization to discharge from hospital was calculated (Kaplan-Meier analysis).
Patients without hospitalization or without documented hospital discharge who completed the study or were early terminated before Day 28 were censored at the date of study completion or discontinuation, respectively.
Patients who died before Day 28 were censored at the date of death even if early terminated before.
- Viral Ribonucleic Acid (RNA). [ Time Frame: Day 1, Day 3, Day 5, Day 7, Day 14, and Day 28/End of study (EOS) ]Viral RNA was assessed in blood samples using quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and projected to RNA copies per mL.
- Time to a 2-point Decrease in WHO's 11-Point Score System [ Time Frame: Up to 28 days. ]
The time from randomization to an at least 2-point decrease in the WHO scale was calculated. The WHO Clinical Progression Scale provides a measure of illness severity across an 11 point range from 0 (not infected) to 10 (dead) as follows (scores 4-9 contain measures of respiratory failure):
Uninfected, no viral DNA detected = 0;
Asymptomatic, viral DNA detected = 1;
Symptomatic, independent = 2;
Symptomatic, assistance needed = 3;
Hospitalized, no oxygen therapy = 4;
Hospitalized, oxygen by mask or nasal prongs = 5;
Hospitalized, oxygen by non-invasive ventilation (NIV) or high flow = 6;
Intubation and mechanical ventilation, pO2/FiO2 ≥ 150 or SpO2/FiO2≥200 = 7;
Mechanical ventilation, pO2/FiO2 < 150 (SpO2/FiO2 < 200) or vasopressors = 8;
Mechanical ventilation, pO2/FiO2 < 150 and vasopressors, dialysis, or ECMO = 9;
Dead = 10.
A decrease in the score reflects an improvement in disease status.
- Number of Patients With Any Use of Invasive Mechanical Ventilation up to 28 Days or Hospital Discharge [ Time Frame: Up to 28 days ]The number of patients receiving mechanical ventilation and supplemental oxygen was evaluated.
- Time to First Use of Invasive Mechanical Ventilation up to 28 Days or Hospital Discharge [ Time Frame: Up to 28 days ]
Time from randomization to first use of invasive mechanical ventilation was calculated (Kaplan-Meier analysis).
Patients without documented invasive mechanical ventilation who completed the study, were early terminated or discharged from hospital before Day 28 were censored at the date of study completion, discontinuation or discharge from hospital, respectively.
- PaO2/FiO2 Value [ Time Frame: Day 1, Day 7, Day 10, Day 14, and Day 28 ]The ratio in partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2)/fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) was assessed by analysis of patient's blood gas.
- Modified Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score (mSOFA Score, Total Score) [ Time Frame: Day -1 (Screening), Day 7, Day 10, Day 14, Day 28/End of study ]The mSOFA score predicts intensive care unit mortality using clinical and laboratory variables. 5 organ systems (respiratory SpO2/FiO2; liver; cardiovascular/hypotension; Central nervous System/Glasgow Coma Score; renal/creatinine), all, except for liver, scored on a 0 to 4 scale (liver: 2-point scale: 0 or 3) according to specified criteria indicating severity, with the total score ranging from 0 to a maximum score of 19. A higher score reflects a worse disease state.
- Lymphocyte Count [ Time Frame: Day -1, Day 3, Day 7, Day 10, Day 14, Day 28/End of study ]Lymphocytes were assessed in blood samples from the patients.
- C-reactive Protein Levels [ Time Frame: Day -1, Day 3, Day 7, Day 10, Day 14, Day 28/End of study ]C-reactive protein was assessed in blood samples from the patients.
- D-Dimer [ Time Frame: Day -1, Day 3, Day 7, Day 10, Day 14, Day 28/End of study ]D-Dimer was assessed in blood samples from the patients.
- Log-transformed Levels of LDH [ Time Frame: Day -1, Day 3, Day 7, Day 10, Day 14, Day 28/End of study ]Log transformed levels of LDH in blood were assessed as a surrogate marker for organ damage.
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| Ages Eligible for Study: | 18 Years to 80 Years (Adult, Older Adult) |
| Sexes Eligible for Study: | All |
| Accepts Healthy Volunteers: | No |
Inclusion Criteria:
- Hospitalized male or female
- Diagnosed to be COVID-19 POSITIV
- Signed Inform Consent Form
Exclusion Criteria:
- Any patient whose clinical condition is deteriorating rapidly
- Known history of positive Hepatitis B surface antigen, Hepatitis C antibody or HIV antibody
- History of sensitivity to any of the study medications, or components thereof or a history of drug or other allergy that, in the opinion of the investigator or Medical Monitor, contraindicates their participation
- Pregnant females as determined by positive serum or urine hCG test prior to dosing
- Lung transplantation
- Pre-existing renal failure, i.e. requiring renal replacement therapy with hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis
- There are other uncontrolled co-morbidities that increase the risks associated with the study drug administration, that are assessed by the medical expert team as unsuitable
- Patient in clinical trials for COVID-19 within 30 days before ICF
- Immunocompromised patients (chemotherapy, HIV, organ transplants, stem cell transplants)
To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT04335136
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| Principal Investigator: | Henning Bundgaard, MD. | Cap. Region's Unit of Inherited Cardiac Diseases, Faculty Health&Medical |
Documents provided by Apeiron Biologics:
| Responsible Party: | Apeiron Biologics |
| ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT04335136 |
| Other Study ID Numbers: |
APN01-01-COVID19 |
| First Posted: | April 6, 2020 Key Record Dates |
| Results First Posted: | August 2, 2021 |
| Last Update Posted: | August 2, 2021 |
| Last Verified: | July 2021 |
| Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product: | Yes |
| Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product: | No |
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COVID-19 Pneumonia, Viral Pneumonia Respiratory Tract Infections Infections Virus Diseases |
Coronavirus Infections Coronaviridae Infections Nidovirales Infections RNA Virus Infections Lung Diseases Respiratory Tract Diseases |