The Insulin-Only Bionic Pancreas Pivotal Trial
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The safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study sponsor and investigators. Listing a study does not mean it has been evaluated by the U.S. Federal Government. Read our disclaimer for details. |
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04200313 |
Recruitment Status :
Completed
First Posted : December 16, 2019
Last Update Posted : October 17, 2022
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This multi-center randomized control trial (RCT) will compare efficacy and safety endpoints using the insulin-only configuration of the iLet Bionic Pancreas (BP) System versus Usual Care (UC) during a 13-week study period. Participants may be enrolled initially into a screening protocol and then transfer into the RCT protocol, or they may enter directly into the RCT protocol. The RCT will be followed by an Extension Phase in which the RCT Usual Care (UC) Group will use the insulin-only configuration of the iLet Bionic Pancreas (BP) System for 3 months. At the completion of use of the BP system in the RCT only, participants will enter a 2-4 day Transition Phase and be randomly assigned to either transition back to their usual mode of therapy (MDI or pump therapy) based on therapeutic guidance from the iLet BP System or transition back to their usual mode of therapy based on what their own insulin regimens were prior to enrolling in the RCT.
There is an optional ancillary study to assess the safety of utilizing self-monitored blood glucose (SMBG) measurements instead of continuous glucose monitor (CGM) measurements as input into the iLet for ~48-60 hours. The Study is intended to mirror a real-world situation where CGM may not be available for an extended period of time (eg, user runs out of sensors and is awaiting new shipment).
Condition or disease | Intervention/treatment | Phase |
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Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 Diabetes Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 | Combination Product: Bionic Pancreas (BP) with Aspart or Lispro Combination Product: Bionic Pancreas with Fiasp (BPFiasp) Other: Usual Care (UC) Other: BP Guidance Insulin Dosing | Not Applicable |

Study Type : | Interventional (Clinical Trial) |
Actual Enrollment : | 440 participants |
Allocation: | Randomized |
Intervention Model: | Parallel Assignment |
Masking: | None (Open Label) |
Primary Purpose: | Treatment |
Official Title: | The Insulin-Only Bionic Pancreas Pivotal Trial: Testing the iLet in Adults and Children With Type 1 Diabetes |
Actual Study Start Date : | March 31, 2020 |
Actual Primary Completion Date : | October 30, 2021 |
Actual Study Completion Date : | January 14, 2022 |

Arm | Intervention/treatment |
---|---|
Experimental: Bionic Pancreas (BP)
Some adults and 1/2 peds will be randomized to use the Bionic Pancreas (BP) with lispro or aspart for 13 weeks
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Combination Product: Bionic Pancreas (BP) with Aspart or Lispro
iLet Bionic Pancreas System, which consists of an integrated infusion pump, touchscreen display, Bluetooth radio, and insulin dosing algorithms, that automatically controls insulin delivery based on glucose values obtained by communicating with a Dexcom G6 sensor using lispro or aspart insulin.
Other Name: iLet |
Experimental: Bionic Pancreas with Fiasp (BPFiasp)
Some adults will be randomized to use the Bionic Pancreas (BP) with Fiasp for 13 weeks during RCT
|
Combination Product: Bionic Pancreas with Fiasp (BPFiasp)
iLet Bionic Pancreas System, which consists of an integrated infusion pump, touchscreen display, Bluetooth radio, and insulin dosing algorithms, that automatically controls Fiasp insulin delivery based on glucose values obtained by communicating with a Dexcom G6 sensor. |
Usual Care (UC)
Adults and peds will use their own diabetes insulin regimen plus continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) during the RCT
|
Other: Usual Care (UC)
Using pre-study insulin regimen with the Dexcom G6 CGM |
Experimental: Bionic Pancreas with Fiasp (BPFiasp) Extension
Used by all participants in the EXT study
|
Combination Product: Bionic Pancreas with Fiasp (BPFiasp)
iLet Bionic Pancreas System, which consists of an integrated infusion pump, touchscreen display, Bluetooth radio, and insulin dosing algorithms, that automatically controls Fiasp insulin delivery based on glucose values obtained by communicating with a Dexcom G6 sensor. |
Experimental: Transition Phase - BP Guidance
Adults and peds will use their own diabetes insulin regimen plus SMBG and blinded continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in the Transition phase and use dosing based on guidance from the BP system
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Other: Usual Care (UC)
Using pre-study insulin regimen with the Dexcom G6 CGM Other: BP Guidance Insulin Dosing Pre-study insulin delivery method with SMBG and blinded CGM with dosing guidance by the BP |
Transition- Pre-study dosing
Adults and peds will use their own diabetes insulin regimen plus SMBG and blinded continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in the Transition phase and use dosing based on their pre-study regimen
|
Other: Usual Care (UC)
Using pre-study insulin regimen with the Dexcom G6 CGM |
- HbA1c [ Time Frame: HbA1c will be taken at baseline, 6 weeks and 13 weeks ]Superiority for HbA1c at 13 weeks will be considered the primary endpoint.
- Non-inferiority for CGM-measured time <54 mg/dL (key secondary endpoint) [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]based on sensor glucose ata
- Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: Mean glucose [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]Based on sensor glucose data
- Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: Time 70-180 mg/dL [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]based on sensor glucose
- Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: Time >180 mg/dL [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]based on sensor glucose data
- Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: Time >250 mg/dL [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]based on sensor glucose
- Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: Glucose standard deviation [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]based on sensor glucose data
- Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: Time <70 mg/dL [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]based on sensor glucose data
- Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: Superiority for CGM-measured time <54 mg/dL [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]based on sensor glucose data
- Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: Glucose coefficient of variation [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]based on sensor glucose data
- Other Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: HbA1c <7.0% [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]HbA1c central lab
- Other Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: HbA1c <7.0% in participants with baseline HbA1c >7.5% [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]HbA1c central lab
- Other Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: HbA1c <7.5% [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]HbA1c central lab
- Other Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: HbA1c <8.0% [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]HbA1c central lab
- Other Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: HbA1c >9.0% [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]HbA1c central lab
- Other Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: HbA1c improvement >0.5% [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]HbA1c central lab at baseline and 13 weeks
- Other Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: HbA1c improvement >1.0% [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]HbA1c central lab at baseline and 13 weeks
- Other Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: HbA1c relative improvement >10% [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]HbA1c central lab at baseline and 13 weeks
- Other Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: HbA1c improvement >1.0% or HbA1c <7.0% at 13 Weeks [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]HbA1c central lab at baseline and 13 weeks
- Other Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: Time in range 70-140 mg/dL [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]based on sensor glucose data
- Other Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: Time in range 70-120 mg/dL [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]based on sensor glucose data
- Other Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: Time <60 mg/dL [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]based on sensor glucose data
- Other Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: Area over the curve (70 mg/dL) [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]based on sensor glucose data
- Other Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: Low blood glucose index (LBGI) [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]based on sensor glucose data
- Other Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: CGM-measured hypoglycemic events [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]based on sensor glucose data
- Other Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: CGM-measured hyperglycemic events [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]based on sensor glucose data
- Other Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: Time >300 mg/dL [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]based on sensor glucose data
- Other Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: Area under the curve (180 mg/dL) [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]based on sensor glucose data
- Other Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: High blood glucose index (HBGI) [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]based on sensor glucose data
- Other Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: Mean of daily difference in mean glucose [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]based on sensor glucose data
- Other Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: Time in range 70-180 mg/dL >70% [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]based on sensor glucose data
- Other Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: Time in range 70-180 mg/dL improvement from baseline to 13 weeks ≥5% [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]based on sensor glucose data
- Other Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: Time in range 70-180 mg/dL improvement from baseline to 13 weeks ≥10% [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]Based on sensor glucose data.
- Other Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: Time <70 mg/dL <4% [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]Based on sensor glucose data.
- Other Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: Time <54 mg/dL <1% [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]Based on sensor glucose data
- Other Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: Blood Glucose Risk Index (LBGI + HBGI) [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]Based on sensor glucose data
- Other Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: Improvement in HbA1c > 0.5% without an increase in time < 54 mg/dl by > 0.5% OR improvement in time < 54 mg/dl by > 0.5% without an increase in HbA1c by > 0.5% [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]Based on sensor glucose data and HbA1c from central lab at baseline and 13 weeks
- Other Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: Improvement in time 70-180 mg/dl by >10% without an increase in time < 54 mg/dl by > 0.5% OR improvement in time < 54 mg/dl by > 0.5% without a decrease in time 70-180 mg/dl by > 10% [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]Based on sensor glucose data
- Other Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: Mean glucose <154 mg/dL and time <54 mg/dL <1% [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]Based on sensor glucose data
- Other Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: Time in range 70-180 mg/dL >70% and time <54 mg/dL <1% [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]Based on sensor glucose data
- Other Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: Total daily insulin (units/kg) [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]Site-reported insulin data and iLet pump device data
- Other Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: Percentage change in the TDD of insulin over the first two-week period relative to the TDD of insulin in the last two-week period [ Time Frame: Weeks 1-2 and weeks 12-13 ]Based on iLet pump device data
- Other Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: Body Weight [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]Body Weight
- Other Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: Body Mass Index (BMI) [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]Height and body weight
- Other Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: Number of hypoglycemic events requiring carbohydrate treatment per 24 hours [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]weekly questionnaire
- Other Secondary Efficacy Endpoint: From the weekly questionnaires, grams of carbohydrate taken specifically to prevent or treat hypoglycemic events per 24 hours [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]weekly questionnaire
- Safety Outcome Measure: Severe hypoglycemia events [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]event that required assistance from another person to administer carbohydrates or other resuscitative action
- Safety Outcome Measure: Diabetic ketoacidosis events [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]DKA adverse event
- Safety Outcome Measure: Other serious adverse events [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]Serious Adverse Events
- Safety Outcome Measure: Worsening of HbA1c by >0.5% [ Time Frame: 13 weeks ]HbA1c central lab

Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study. To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contacts provided below. For general information, Learn About Clinical Studies.
Ages Eligible for Study: | 6 Years and older (Child, Adult, Older Adult) |
Sexes Eligible for Study: | All |
Accepts Healthy Volunteers: | No |
Inclusion Criteria:
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1. Clinical diagnosis of T1D for at least one year and using insulin for at least 1 year 2. Diabetes managed using the same regimen (either pump or MDI, with or without CGM) for ≥ 3 months
3. Age ≥ 6 years old
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Exception: the initial 5-participant test run will be limited to >18 years old
4. Current use of a CGM, or if not a CGM user, at least 3 blood glucose meter tests daily on average over the last 4 weeks (according to judgment of investigator if meter is not available).
5. Willingness not to start any new non-insulin glucose-lowering agent during the course of the trial
6. For participants <18 years old, living with one or more parent/legal guardian knowledgeable about emergency procedures for severe hypoglycemia.
7. For participants >18 years old who live alone, participant has a relative or acquaintance who lives within 30 minutes of participant and is willing to be contacted to check on participant if study staff feel that participant may be experiencing a medical emergency and can't be reached.
8. Investigator believes that the participant can safely use the iLet and will follow the protocol
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The investigator will take into account the participant's HbA1c level, compliance with current diabetes management, and prior acute diabetic complications. For this reason, there is no upper limit on HbA1c specified for eligibility.
9. If a GLP-1 agonist or pramlintide is being used, participant must be willing to discontinue use while the iLet BP system is being used, including the randomized trial and extension study.
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Exclusion Criteria:
- Eligibility may be assessed initially in a separate screening protocol or at a screening visit in the RCT protocol. To be eligible for all phases of the study, a participant must meet all of the following inclusion criteria and none of the exclusion criteria:
Exclusion
- Unable to provide informed consent (e.g. impaired cognition or judgment)
- Unable to safely comply with study procedures and reporting requirements (e.g. impairment of vision or dexterity that prevents safe operation of the bionic pancreas, impaired memory)
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Unable to speak and read English
• For pediatric participants, both caregivers and participants must be able to speak and read English
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Plan to change usual diabetes regimen in the next 3 months
- This would include changing from MDI to pump. pump to MDI, change in insulin automation delivery system, starting a CGM if not previously used, changes in drug therapy specifically for glucose control except for changes in one insulin analog to another.
- Changes in insulin dose, carb ratio, sensitivity factor and basal rate profile are allowed.
- Current use of non-FDA approved closed-loop or hybrid closed-loop insulin delivery system
- Use of Apidra as the pre-study rapid-acting insulin analog and unwilling to switch to lispro or aspart for the duration of the study
- Known hemoglobinopathy (sickle cell trait is not an exclusion)
- Current participation in another diabetes-related clinical trial
- History of cystic fibrosis, pancreatitis, or other pancreatic disease, including pancreatic tumor or insulinoma, or history of complete pancreatectomy
- Electrically powered implants (e.g. cochlear implants, neurostimulators) that might be susceptible to RF interference
- Established history of allergy or severe reaction to adhesive or tape that must be used in the study
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Current use of SGLT2 inhibitors or a sulfonylurea drug (use more than 3 months prior to enrollment is acceptable)
• If using GLP1 agonist, pramlintide, or metformin drugs must be on a stable dose for 3 months prior to enrollment (and as per inclusion criterion #8, must be willing to discontinue use of GLP-1 agonist or pramlintide while using the iLet BP system during the RCT and the extension phase).
- Pregnant (positive urine hCG), breast feeding, plan to become pregnant in the next 3 months, or sexually active without use of contraception
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For adults >18 years old, most recent (must be within the last 2 years) eGFR <30 ml/min OR currently in renal failure on dialysis
• If no eGFR is available for an adult participant during the last 2 years, one must be obtained to confirm eligibility
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Presence of a medical condition or use of a medication that, in the judgment of the investigator, clinical protocol chair, or medical monitor, could compromise the results of the study or the safety of the participant. Conditions to be considered by the investigator may include the following:
- Alcohol or drug abuse
- Use of prescription drugs that may dull the sensorium, reduce sensitivity to symptoms of hypoglycemia, or hinder decision making during the period of participation in the study
- Coronary artery disease that is not stable with medical management, including unstable angina, angina that prevents moderate exercise (e.g. climbing a flight of stairs) despite medical management, or within the last 12 months before screening a history of myocardial infarction, percutaneous coronary intervention, enzymatic lysis of a presumed coronary occlusion, or coronary artery bypass grafting
- Congestive heart failure with New York Heart Association (NYHA) Functional Classification III or IV
- History of TIA or stroke in the last 12 months
- Untreated or inadequately treated mental illness
- History of eating disorder within the last 2 years, such as anorexia, bulimia, or diabulemia or omission of insulin to manipulate weight
- History of intentional, inappropriate administration of insulin leading to severe hypoglycemia requiring treatment
- Employed by, or having immediate family members employed by Beta Bionics, or being directly involved in conducting the clinical trial, or having a direct supervisor at place of employment who is also directly involved in conducting the clinical trial (as a study investigator, coordinator, etc.); or having a first-degree relative who is directly involved in conducting the clinical trial

To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT04200313
United States, California | |
Children's Hospital of Orange County (Pediatrics) | |
Orange, California, United States, 92868 | |
University of California - San Diego (Adults) | |
San Diego, California, United States, 92037 | |
Stanford University (Pediatrics and Adults) | |
Stanford, California, United States, 94305 | |
United States, Colorado | |
Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes (Pediatrics and Adults) | |
Aurora, Colorado, United States, 80045 | |
United States, District of Columbia | |
Children's National Health System (Pediatrics) | |
Washington, District of Columbia, United States, 20010 | |
United States, Florida | |
Nemours Children's Clinic (Pediatrics) | |
Jacksonville, Florida, United States, 32207 | |
United States, Georgia | |
Emory University (Pediatrics) | |
Atlanta, Georgia, United States, 30322 | |
United States, Massachusetts | |
Massachusetts General Hospital - Diabetes Research Center (Peds and Adults) | |
Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 02114 | |
United States, Michigan | |
Henry Ford Health System (Adults) | |
Detroit, Michigan, United States, 48202 | |
United States, Missouri | |
Washington University (Adults) | |
Saint Louis, Missouri, United States, 63110 | |
United States, New York | |
Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center at Columbia University (Pediatrics) | |
New York, New York, United States, 10032 | |
United States, North Carolina | |
University of Noth Carolina- Chapel Hill (Adults) | |
Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States, 27517 | |
United States, Ohio | |
Cleveland Clinic (Adults) | |
Cleveland, Ohio, United States, 44195 | |
United States, Texas | |
University of Texas- Southwestern (Pediatrics and Adults) | |
Dallas, Texas, United States, 75390 | |
University of Texas Health Science Center (Pediatrics) | |
San Antonio, Texas, United States, 78229 | |
United States, Washington | |
University of Washington (Adults) | |
Seattle, Washington, United States, 98109 |
Principal Investigator: | R. Paul Wadwa, MD | University of Colorado, Denver | |
Principal Investigator: | Mark Daniels, MD | Children's Hospital of Orange County | |
Principal Investigator: | Fran Cogen, MD | Children's National Health System | |
Principal Investigator: | Keren Zhou, MD | The Cleveland Clinic | |
Principal Investigator: | Andrew Muir, MD | Emory University | |
Principal Investigator: | Davida Kruger, NP | Henry Ford Health System | |
Principal Investigator: | Steven J Russell, MD | Massachusetts General Hospital | |
Principal Investigator: | Robin Goland, MD | Naomi Berrie Center - Columbia University | |
Principal Investigator: | Nelly Mauras, MD | Nemours Children's Health System | |
Principal Investigator: | Bruce Buckingham, MD | Stanford University | |
Principal Investigator: | Jeremy Pettus, MD | UC-San Diego | |
Principal Investigator: | John Buse, MD | University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill | |
Principal Investigator: | Irl Hirsch, MD | University of Washington | |
Principal Investigator: | Jane Lynch, MD | UT Health Science Center - San Antonio | |
Principal Investigator: | Perrin White, MD | University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas | |
Principal Investigator: | Janet McGill, MD | Washington University School of Medicine | |
Principal Investigator: | Jill Weissberg-Benchell, PhD | Lurie Children's Hospital | |
Study Director: | Roy Beck, MD, PhD | Jaeb Center for Health Research | |
Study Director: | Katrina Ruedy, MSPH | Jaeb Center for Health Research | |
Principal Investigator: | Philip Raskin, MD | UT Southwestern |
Documents provided by Jaeb Center for Health Research:
Responsible Party: | Jaeb Center for Health Research |
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT04200313 |
Other Study ID Numbers: |
IOBPPT 1UC4DK108612-01 ( U.S. NIH Grant/Contract ) |
First Posted: | December 16, 2019 Key Record Dates |
Last Update Posted: | October 17, 2022 |
Last Verified: | October 2022 |
Individual Participant Data (IPD) Sharing Statement: | |
Plan to Share IPD: | No |
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product: | No |
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product: | Yes |
Device Product Not Approved or Cleared by U.S. FDA: | Yes |
Artificial Pancreas Closed-loop Insulin Delivery |
Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 Glucose Metabolism Disorders Metabolic Diseases Endocrine System Diseases |
Autoimmune Diseases Immune System Diseases Pancrelipase Pancreatin Gastrointestinal Agents |