Impact of Nilotinib on Safety, Biomarkers and Clinical Outcomes in Mild to Moderate Alzheimer's Disease (AD)

Study Description

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Brief Summary:

The investigators hypothesize that Nilotinib will be safe in individuals with mild to moderate AD. Specifically, investigators hypothesize that low daily oral doses of Nilotinib will lead to CSF penetration, CNS Abl inhibition, and stabilization of CSF total Tau and p-Tau231/181 and Abeta42/40 levels. The investigators hypothesize that Nilotinib will decrease brain load of amyloid using amyloid positron emission tomography (PET). The investigators also predict that Nilotinib will reduce CSF markers of cell death, including neuron specific enolase (NSE) and S100B.

Condition or disease	Intervention/treatment	Phase
Alzheimer's Disease	Drug: Placebo Capsule(s) Once a Day by Mouth; Drug: Nilotinib Capsule(s) Once a Day by Mouth	Phase 2

Detailed Description:

The investigators propose a novel treatment strategy that involves Abl inhibition to alter Abeta40/42, total Tau and p-Tau231/181 in subjects with mild to moderate dementia due to AD. The investigators pre-clinical studies show that Nilotinib inhibits brain Abl, decreases Abeta and p-Tau, modulates brain and peripheral immune profiles and reverses cognitive decline in AD models. Taken together, these data support the hypothesis that Nilotinib is a viable therapeutic candidate - via Abl inhibition - in subjects with AD. Based on strong pre-clinical evidence about the effects of Nilotinib on neurodegenerative pathologies, including autophagic clearance of neurotoxic proteins, immunity and behavior, the investigators conducted an open label pilot clinical trial in advanced (stage 3-5) PD with dementia (PDD) and Lewy Body Dementia (LBD) patients. Participants (N=12) were randomized 1:1 to once daily oral dose of 150mg and 300mg Nilotinib for 6 months. The investigators showed that Nilotinib penetrates the blood brain barrier (BBB), in agreement with pre-clinical data. Several studies show that Abeta42 is decreased and CSF total Tau and p-Tau are increased in PD and LBD. Investigators data show that Nilotinib reverses loss of CSF Abeta40/42 and significantly reduces (N=5, P<0.05) CSF total Tau and p-Tau between baseline and 6 months treatment. These biomarker changes are consistent with cognitive improvement (3.5-3.85 points) using Mini-Mental Status Exam (MMSE) and the Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson's Disease-Cognition (SCOPA-Cog) between baseline and 6 months. These data are very compelling to evaluate the effects of Nilotinib in a phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in patients with mild to moderate AD.

Study Design

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Study Type :	Interventional (Clinical Trial)
Estimated Enrollment :	42 participants
Allocation:	Randomized
Intervention Model:	Parallel Assignment
Masking:	Quadruple (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Primary Purpose:	Treatment
Official Title:	A Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo-controlled Study to Evaluate the Impact of Low Doses of Nilotinib (Tasigna®) on Safety, Biomarkers and Clinical Outcomes in Subjects With Mild to Moderate Alzheimer's Disease
Actual Study Start Date :	January 2017
Estimated Primary Completion Date :	February 2019
Estimated Study Completion Date :	December 2019

Arms and Interventions

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Arm	Intervention/treatment
Placebo Comparator: Group 1 (placebo); Out of 42 total participants with mild to moderate AD (MMSE=17-24 inclusive) and their study partners that will be recruited and 1:1 randomized, 21 (twenty-one) will be assigned to group 1 and given 1 capsule of a placebo drug by mouth every day for the first 6 months followed by 2 capsules once daily for the subsequent 6 months, every time taken without a meal, for the total duration of the study for 12 months.	Drug: Placebo Capsule(s) Once a Day by Mouth; 1 capsule of Placebo once a day for 6 months followed by 2 capsules of Placebo for another 6 months; Other Name: Nilotinib in Alzheimer's Disease
Active Comparator: Group 2 (treated); Out of 42 total participants with mild to moderate AD (MMSE=17-24 inclusive) and their study partners that will be recruited and 1:1 randomized, 21 (twenty-one) will be assigned to group 2 treated with 1 capsule (150mg Nilotinib) once a day by mouth for the first 6 months followed by dose escalation to 2 capsules (300mg Nilotinib) once daily by mouth for the subsequent 6 months, every time taken without a meal, for the total study duration of 12 months.	Drug: Nilotinib Capsule(s) Once a Day by Mouth; 1 capsule of Nilotinib 150 mg once a day for 6 months followed by 2 capsules of Nilotinib (150 mg each capsule = 300 mb total) for the subsequent 6 months; Other Name: Nilotinib in Alzheimer's Disease

Outcome Measures

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Primary Outcome Measures :

1. Safety will be measured by number of participants experiencing the occurrence of adverse events and/or abnormal laboratory values [ Time Frame: 12 months ]
   Safety will be measured by assessing number of participants with abnormal laboratory values, as well as adverse events (AEs) and serious adverse events (SAEs) deemed to be possibly, probably, or definitely related to the study drug.

Secondary Outcome Measures :

1. Effects of Nilotinib treatment on measurement of Nilotinib in the CSF [ Time Frame: 12 months ]
   The investigators will determine the effects of Nilotinib treatment on Abl inhibition to demonstrate CNS target engagement

Eligibility Criteria

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Ages Eligible for Study:	50 Years to 85 Years (Adult, Older Adult)
Sexes Eligible for Study:	All
Accepts Healthy Volunteers:	No

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age ≥ 50
2. Fluent in English
3. Biomarker confirmed AD with CSF level of Abeta42 <600ng/mL
4. Able to ingest oral medications
5. Diagnosis of mild to moderate AD according to dementia criteria outlined by McKhann et al.
6. Neuroimaging (MRI or CT) consistent with the diagnosis of AD within the past year
7. MMSE between 17 and 24 (inclusive) at screening
8. Modified Hachinski score ≤ 4
9. QTc interval 350-460ms, inclusive
10. Caregiver/study partner to accompany participant to all visits and have direct contact with the participant > 2 days/week
11. Written informed consent
12. Capability and willingness to comply with all study criteria
13. Supervision available for study medication
14. Stable medical conditions for 3 months prior to screening visit
15. Stable medications for 4 weeks prior to screening visit
16. Able to complete baseline assessments
17. Minimum of 6 years of education, or work history sufficient to exclude mental retardation
18. Stable use of cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine (U.S. FDA-approved medications for patients with probable AD), vitamin E (up to 400 IU daily), estrogens, aspirin (81-300 mg daily), and cholesterol-lowering agents for 3 months prior to screening is allowed.
19. Clinical laboratory values within normal limits or, if abnormal, must be judged to be clinically insignificant by the investigator

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Non-AD dementia, probable AD with Down syndrome, APP, PS-1, or PS-2 mutations (known familial AD), LBD and Fronto-temporal dementia (FTD)
2. History of clinically significant stroke
3. Current evidence or history in past two years of epilepsy, focal brain lesion, head injury with loss of consciousness or DSM-IV criteria for any major psychiatric disorder including psychosis, major depression, bipolar disorder, alcohol or substance abuse
4. Sensory impairment that would preclude participation/cooperation with the protocol
5. Patients with hypokalemia, hypomagnesaemia, or long QTc syndrome.
6. Concomitant drugs known to prolong the QTc interval (>461ms) and history of cardiovascular disease, including myocardial infarction or cardiac failure, angina, arrhythmia
7. Prescribed strong CYP3A4 inhibitors or a medical history of liver or pancreatic disease
8. Evidence of any significant clinical disorder or laboratory finding that renders the participant unsuitable for receiving an investigational drug including clinically significant or unstable hematologic, hepatic, cardiovascular, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, endocrine, metabolic, renal or other systemic disease or laboratory abnormality
9. Active neoplastic disease, history of cancer five years prior to screening, including breast cancer (history of treated basal or squamous skin cancer, or stable prostate cancer are not exclusionary)
10. Pregnancy or possible pregnancy
11. Contraindications to LP: prior lumbosacral spine surgery, severe degenerative joint disease or deformity of the spine, platelets < 100,000, use of Coumadin/warfarin, or history of a bleeding disorder
12. Contraindication to MRI
13. Evidence of more than 4 micro hemorrhages and/or hemosiderosis by a recent (12 months) and/or the screening MRI.
14. A low B12 is exclusionary, unless follow-up labs (homocysteine (HC) and methylmalonic acid (MMA)) indicate that it is not physiologically significant.
15. Enrolled in another active trial investigating an experimental drug or therapy for AD
16. HIV positive

Contacts and Locations

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Locations

United States, District of Columbia
Georgetown University Medical Center
Washington, District of Columbia, United States, 20007

Sponsors and Collaborators

Georgetown University

Investigators

Principal Investigator:	Raymond S. Turner, MD, PhD	Georgetown University
Study Director:	Charbel E Moussa, MD, PhD	Georgetown University

More Information

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Additional Information:

TRANSLATIONAL NEUROTHERAPEUTICS PROGRAM Georgetown University Medical Center &amp; Medstar Georgetown University Hospital  The Laboratory for Dementia and Parkinsonism Georgetown University Medical Center 

Publications of Results:

Pagan F, Hebron M, Valadez EH, Torres-Yaghi Y, Huang X, Mills RR, Wilmarth BM, Howard H, Dunn C, Carlson A, Lawler A, Rogers SL, Falconer RA, Ahn J, Li Z, Moussa C. Nilotinib Effects in Parkinson's disease and Dementia with Lewy bodies. J Parkinsons Dis. 2016 Jul 11;6(3):503-17. doi: 10.3233/JPD-160867.

Responsible Party:	R. Scott Turner, Director, Memory Disorders Program, Georgetown University
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:	NCT02947893 History of Changes
Other Study ID Numbers:	2016-0315
First Posted:	October 28, 2016
Last Update Posted:	January 29, 2019
Last Verified:	January 2019
Individual Participant Data (IPD) Sharing Statement:
Plan to Share IPD:	No

Keywords provided by R. Scott Turner, Georgetown University:

Nilotinib in Alzheimer's disease

Additional relevant MeSH terms:

Alzheimer Disease; Dementia; Brain Diseases; Central Nervous System Diseases; Nervous System Diseases	Tauopathies; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neurocognitive Disorders; Mental Disorders