Effect of Liraglutide for Weight Management in Pubertal Adolescent Subjects With Obesity

• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02918279
• Recruitment Status: Completed
• First Posted: September 28, 2016
• Results First Posted: April 27, 2020
• Last Update Posted: April 27, 2020
• Sponsor: Novo Nordisk A/S
• Information provided by (Responsible Party): Novo Nordisk A/S

Study Description

Brief Summary:

This trial is conducted globally. The aim of this trial is to investigate the effect of liraglutide for weight management in pubertal adolescent subjects with obesity.

Condition or disease	Intervention/treatment	Phase
Metabolism and Nutrition Disorder; Obesity	Drug: Liraglutide; Drug: Placebo	Phase 3

Study Design

• Study Type: Interventional (Clinical Trial)
• Actual Enrollment: 251 participants
• Allocation: Randomized
• Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Double (Participant, Investigator)
• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Official Title: Effect of Liraglutide for Weight Management in Pubertal Adolescent Subjects With Obesity. 56-week, Double-blind, Randomised, Parallel-group, Placebo-controlled Multi-national Trial Followed by a 26-week Period Off Study-drug
• Actual Study Start Date: September 29, 2016
• Actual Primary Completion Date: February 14, 2019
• Actual Study Completion Date: August 8, 2019

Arms and Interventions

Arm	Intervention/treatment
Experimental: Liraglutide	Drug: Liraglutide; Administered once daily subcutaneously (s.c., under the skin)
Placebo Comparator: Placebo	Drug: Placebo; Administered once daily subcutaneously (s.c., under the skin)

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures :

1. Change in BMI SDS (Week 0, Week 56) [ Time Frame: Week 0, week 56 ]
   Change from baseline (week 0) in BMI SDS was evaluated at week 56. BMI SDS was calculated using the following formula: Z=[(value /M)^L - 1] / S*L; where L, M and S are median (M), skewness (L) and variation coefficient (S) of children/adolescents' BMI provided for each sex and age. For each subject, a standard deviation score Z (SDS) was calculated based on age and sex referring to the values L, M and S. The method is described in the world health organisation (WHO) Multicentre Growth Reference, which also contains the values for L, M and S by age and sex. For Z (SDS) scores below -3 and above 3, the score was adjusted as described in the WHO instruction. All available data were used for the analysis including data collected after treatment discontinuation. Results are based on both participants who completed the week 0-56 trial period and participants who prematurely discontinued the trial product but attended the follow-up visit at 56.

Secondary Outcome Measures :

1. Percent of Subjects Achieving ≥5% Reduction in Baseline BMI [ Time Frame: Weeks 30, 56 and 82 ]
   Participants achieving more than or equal to 5% reduction in their baseline (week 0) BMI was evaluated at weeks 30, 56 and 82. Results are based on both participants who completed the trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82, and participants who could not complete the corresponding trial period, but attended the follow-up visit at week 30, 56 or 82, respectively.
2. Percent of Subjects Achieving ≥10% Reduction in Baseline BMI [ Time Frame: Weeks 30, 56 and 82 ]
   Participants achieving more than or equal to 10% reduction in their baseline (week 0) BMI was evaluated at weeks 30, 56 and 82. Results are based on both participants who completed the trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82, and participants who could not complete the corresponding trial period, but attended the follow-up visit at week 30, 56 or 82, respectively.
3. Change in BMI SDS ((Week 0, Week 30); (Week 0, Week 82); (Week 56, Week 82)) [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 82); (Week 56, week 82) ]
   Change in BMI SDS was evaluated from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 82, and from week 56 to week 82. BMI SDS was calculated using the following formula: Z=[(value /M)^L - 1] / S*L; where L, M and S are median (M), skewness (L) and variation coefficient (S) of children/adolescents' BMI provided for each sex and age. For each subject, a Z (SDS) score was calculated based on age and sex referring to the values L, M and S. The method is described in the WHO Multicentre Growth Reference, which also contains the values for L, M and S by age and sex. For Z (SDS) scores below -3 and above 3, the score was adjusted as described in the WHO instruction. All available data were used for the analysis including data collected after treatment discontinuation. Results are based on both participants who completed the trial period, week 0-30 or week 0-82, and participants who could not complete the corresponding trial period, but attended the follow-up visit at week 30 or 82, respectively.
4. Change in BMI [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
   Change in BMI was evaluated from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82. Results are based on both participants who completed the trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82, and participants who could not complete the corresponding trial period, but attended the follow-up visit at week 30, 56 or 82, respectively.
5. Change in Body Weight (kg) [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
   Change in body weight (kg) was evaluated from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82. Results are based on both participants who completed the trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82, and participants who could not complete the corresponding trial period, but attended the follow-up visit at week 30, 56 or 82, respectively.
6. Change in Body Weight (%) [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
   Relative change in body weight (kg) was evaluated from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82. Results are based on both participants who completed the trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82, and participants who could not complete the corresponding trial period, but attended the follow-up visit at week 30, 56 or 82, respectively.
7. Change in Body Weight (lb) [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
   Body weight was not analysed in pounds (lb). It was analysed for standard unit, 'kg' only.
8. Change in Waist Circumference [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
   Change in waist circumference was evaluated from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
9. Change in Waist-to-hip Circumference Ratio [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
   Change in waist-to-hip circumference ratio was evaluated from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
10. Change in hsCRP [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in high sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP) was evaluated from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
11. Change in Fasting Lipid: Total Cholesterol (Ratio to Baseline) [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in total cholesterol from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82 are presented as ratio to baseline. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
12. Change in Fasting Lipid: LDL-cholesterol (Ratio to Baseline) [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82 are presented as ratio to baseline. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
13. Change in Fasting Lipid: HDL-cholesterol (Ratio to Baseline) [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82 are presented as ratio to baseline. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
14. Change in Fasting Lipid: Non-HDL Cholesterol (Ratio to Baseline) [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in non-HDL cholesterol from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82 are presented as ratio to baseline. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
15. Change in Fasting Lipid: VLDL Cholesterol (Ratio to Baseline) [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82 are presented as ratio to baseline. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
16. Change in Fasting Lipid: Triglycerides (Ratio to Baseline) [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in triglycerides from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82 are presented as ratio to baseline. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
17. Change in Fasting Lipid: FFA (Ratio to Baseline) [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in free fatty acids (FFA) from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82 are presented as ratio to baseline. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
18. Change in Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was evaluated from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
19. Change in HbA1c [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) was evaluated from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
20. Change in FPG [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was evaluated from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82. Results are based on the participants who completed treatment for the corresponding treatment period (week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82).
21. Change in Fasting Insulin (Ratio to Baseline) [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in fasting insulin from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82 are presented as ratio to baseline. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
22. Change in Fasting C-peptide (Ratio to Baseline) [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in fasting C-peptide from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82 are presented as ratio to baseline. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
23. Change in Glycaemic Category [ Time Frame: Week -2, week 30, week 56 and week 82 ]
    Number of participants in glycaemic categories, "normoglycaemia, pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes (T2DM)" at baseline (weeks -2), and weeks 30, 56 and 82 are presented. These categories were set as per the following criteria: 1) Normoglycaemia: FPG <5.6 mmol/L (<100 mg/dL) and/or HbA1c <5.7%. 2) Pre-diabetes: FPG 5.6-6.9 mmol/L (both inclusive), FPG 100-125 mg/dL (both inclusive) or HbA1c 5.7-6.4% (both inclusive). 3) Type 2 diabetes (T2DM): FPG ≥7.0 mmol/L (≥126 mg/dL) and/or HbA1c ≥6.5%. Week 30, 56 and 82 results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
24. Change in HOMA-B (Ratio to Baseline) [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in homeostasis model assessment of beta-cell function (HOMA-B) from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82 are presented as ratio to baseline. HOMA-B was calculated as: Beta-cell function (%) = 20·fasting insulin[mU/L]/(FPG[mmol/L]-3.5). Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
25. Change in HOMA-IR (Ratio to Baseline) [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82 are presented as ratio to baseline. HOMA-IR was calculated as: Insulin resistance (%) = fasting insulin [mU/L] x FPG [mmol/L]/ 22.5. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
26. Change in IWQOL-Kids [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in Impact of Weight on Quality of Life-Kids (IWQOL-Kids) was evaluated from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82. The IWQOL-Kids is a 27-item measure of weight-related quality of life. There are four domain scores (Physical Comfort, Body Esteem, Social Life and Family Life) and a total score. Scores for all domains and total score range from 0-100, with higher scores representing better health-related quality of life. IWQOL-kids data at week 82 was not collected, thus could not be evaluated. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
27. Change in BMI SDS (%) [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56) ]
    Relative change in BMI SDS was evaluated from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30 or week 0-56.
28. Change in Nutritional Compliance [ Time Frame: Week 0, week 30 and week 56 ]
    This outcome measure presents "nutritional compliance results" recorded at baseline (week 0), week 30 and week 56. Nutritional compliance was recorded on a 0 to 10 numeric rating scale, with higher scores representing better compliance. Week 30 and 56 results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30 or week 0-56.
29. Number of Treatment Emergent Adverse Events [ Time Frame: Week 0-56 + 14 days ]
    A treatment emergent adverse event (TEAE) was defined as an event that occurred in the "on-treatment" period. 'On-treatment' period: Events with onset date between the first day of trial product administration and any of the following date, whichever came first: 1) 14 days after the last day on trial product, or 2) follow-up visit (week 58) for participants who discontinued trial product, or 3) last study visit (participants withdrawn without follow-up visit).
30. Number of Treatment Emergent Hypoglycaemic Episodes (ADA/ISPAD Classification) [ Time Frame: Week 0-56 + 14 days ]
    A hypoglycaemic episode was defined as treatment emergent if the onset of the episode was on or after the first day of exposure to randomised treatment and no later than 14 days after the last day on randomised treatment. Severe hypoglycaemia episodes were recorded as per international society for pediatric and adolescent diabetes (ISPAD) definition. And the following presented hypoglycaemia episodes were recorded as per American Diabetes Association (ADA) definition: asymptomatic hypoglycaemia, documented symptomatic hypoglycaemia, pseudo-hypoglycaemia and probable symptomatic hypoglycaemia.
31. Number of Treatment Emergent Hypoglycaemic Episodes (Novo Nordisk/ISPAD Classification) [ Time Frame: Week 0-56 + 14 days ]
    Severe hypoglycaemia episodes were recorded as per the ISPAD definition. And the following presented hypoglycaemia episodes were recorded as per Novo Nordisk definition: Symptomatic BG-confirmed: An episode that is blood glucose (BG) confirmed by plasma glucose (PG) value <3.1 mmol/L with symptoms consistent with hypoglycaemia. Asymptomatic BG-confirmed: An episode that is BG-confirmed by PG value <3.1 mmol/L without symptoms consistent with hypoglycaemia. 4) Severe or BG-confirmed symptomatic: An episode that is severe according to the ISPAD classification or BG-confirmed by a PG value <3.1 mmol/L with symptoms consistent with hypoglycaemia. 5) BG-confirmed: An episode that is BG-confirmed by a PG value <3.1 mmol/L with or without symptoms consistent with hypoglycaemia. 6) Severe or BG-confirmed: An episode that is severe according to the ISPAD classification or BG-confirmed by a PG value <3.1 mmol/L with or without symptoms consistent with hypoglycaemia.
32. Occurrence of Anti-liraglutide Antibodies [ Time Frame: Weeks 0, 30, 56, 58, 70 and 82 ]
    This outcome measure is only applicable for the liraglutide 3.0 mg treatment arm. Number of participants who measured with anti-liraglutide binding antibodies at weeks 0, 30, 56, 58, 70 and 82 are presented.
33. Change in Pulse [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in pulse was evaluated from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
34. Change in ECG [ Time Frame: Week -14, week 30, week 56 and week 82 ]
    This outcome measure presents number of subjects with electrocardiogram findings, "normal; abnormal, not clinically significant (NCS) or abnormal, clinically significant (CS)" recorded at baseline (week -14), week 30 and week 56. These findings were categorised by the investigator. Electrocardiogram (ECG) data at week 82 was not collected, thus could not be evaluated. Week 30 and 56 results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30 or week 0-56.
35. Change in Haematology: Haemoglobin [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in haemoglobin was evaluated from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
36. Change in Haematology: Haematocrit [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in haematocrit was evaluated from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
37. Change in Haematology: Thrombocytes, Leucocytes, Eosinophils, Neutrophils, Basophils, Lymphocytes and Monocytes [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in haematological parameters, "thrombocytes, leucocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils, basophils, lymphocytes and monocytes" was evaluated from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
38. Change in Haematology: Erythrocytes [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in erythrocytes was evaluated from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
39. Change in Biochemistry: Creatinine and Bilirubin (Total) [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in creatinine and bilirubin (total) was evaluated from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
40. Change in Biochemistry: Creatinine Kinase, Amylase, Lipase, ALT, AST and ALP [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in biochemistry parameters, "creatinine kinase, amylase, lipase, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)" was evaluated from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
41. Change in Biochemistry: Urea (BUN), Sodium, Potassium, Calcium Total and Calcium Albumin-corrected [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in biochemistry parameters, "urea (blood urea nitrogen [BUN]), sodium, potassium, calcium total and calcium (Ca) albumin-corrected" was evaluated from baseline (week [Wk] 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
42. Change in Biochemistry: Albumin [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in albumin was evaluated from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
43. Change in Biochemistry: CEA [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was evaluated from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
44. Change in Hormone Level: Calcitonin [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in calcitonin was evaluated from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
45. Change in Hormone Level: TSH and Prolactin [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in hormone levels, "thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and prolactin" was evaluated from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
46. Change in Hormone Level: Free T4 and ACTH [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in hormone levels, "thyroxine (T4) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)" was evaluated from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
47. Change in Hormone Level: IGF-1 and Cortisol [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in hormone levels, "insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and cortisol" was evaluated from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
48. Change in Hormone Level: DHEAS [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) was evaluated from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
49. Change in Hormone Level: LH and FSH [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in hormone levels, "luteinising hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)" was evaluated from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
50. Change in Hormone Level: Estradiol (Females) [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in estradiol (only for female) was evaluated from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
51. Change in Hormone Level: Testosterone (Males) [ Time Frame: Week 0, week 30, week 56 and week 82 ]
    This outcome measure presents "testosterone (only for males) results" for baseline (week 0), week 30, week 56 and week 82. ADVIA Centaur Testosterone (TSTO) assay was used for the evaluation of testosterone hormone. Week 30, 56 and 82 results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
52. Change in NTX1 [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in type I collagen N-telopeptide (NTX1) was evaluated from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82. Results are presented in "nmol bone collagen equivalents (BCE)/L". Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
53. Change in CTX1 [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in type I collagen C-telopeptide (CTX1) was evaluated from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
54. Change in P1NP [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in procollagen 1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP) was evaluated from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
55. Change in Alkaline Phosphatase (Bone) [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in alkaline phosphatase (bone specific) was evaluated from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
56. Change in Pubertal Status [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    This outcome measure presents "pubertal status results" which is based on Tanner staging (Tanner stage 2-5), recorded at baseline (week 0), week 30, week 56 and week 82. Results are presented for the following categories: 1) For female: breast development and pubic hair development (by Tanner staging). 2) For male: penis development and pubic hair development (by Tanner staging). Each category shows number of participants in stages 2 to 5, where stage 2 represents "early pubertal development" and stage 5 represents "pubertal development equivalent to that of an adult". Week 30, 56 and 82 results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
57. Change in Physical Examination [ Time Frame: Week 0, week 30, week 56 and week 82 ]
    This outcome measure presents number of subjects with physical examination findings, "normal; abnormal, not clinically significant (NCS) or abnormal, clinically significant (CS)" at baseline (week 0), week 30, week 56 and week 82. These findings were categorised by the investigator. Results include examination of: "general appearance"; "head, ears, eyes, nose, throat, neck"; "respiratory system"; "cardiovascular system (CVS)"; "gastrointestinal (GI) system including mouth"; "musculoskeletal system"; "central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS)"; "skin"; "thyroid gland" and "lymph node palpation". Week 30, 56 and 82 results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
58. Change in Height SDS [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in height standard deviation score (SDS) was evaluated from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82. Height SDS was calculated using the following formula: Z=[(value /M)^L - 1] / S*L; where L, M and S are median (M), skewness (L) and variation coefficient (S) of children/adolescents' height provided for each sex and age. For each subject, a standard deviation score Z (SDS) was calculated based on age and sex referring to the values L, M and S. The method is described in the WHO Multicentre Growth Reference, which also contains the values for L, M and S by age and sex. For Z (SDS) scores below -3 and above 3, the score was adjusted as described in the WHO instruction. Results are based on both participants who completed the trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82, and participants who could not complete the corresponding trial period, but attended the follow-up visit at week 30, 56 or 82, respectively.
59. Change in C-SSRS [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    This outcome measure presents number of subjects with "suicidal ideation or suicidal behaviour on the Columbia Suicidality Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS)" assessed at baseline (week 0), week 30, week 56 and week 82. Week 30, 56 and 82 results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.
60. Change in PHQ-9 [ Time Frame: (Week 0, week 30); (Week 0, week 56); (Week 56, week 82) ]
    Change in Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) was evaluated from baseline (week 0) to weeks 30 and 56, and from week 56 to week 82. The PHQ-9 questionnaire is a 9-item depression module included in the patient health questionnaire, a self-administered diagnostic tool used for assessment of mental disorders. The PHQ-9 total score ranges from 0-27; total scores of 1-4 represent no depression, total scores of 5-9 represent mild depression, total scores of 10-14 represent moderate depression, total scores of 15-19 represent moderately severe depression and total scores of 20-27 represent severe depression. Results are based on the participants who completed the corresponding trial period, week 0-30, week 0-56 or week 0-82.

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 12 Years to 17 Years (Child)
• Sexes Eligible for Study: All
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

• Informed consent obtained before any trial-related activities. Trial-related activities are any procedures that are carried out as part of the trial, including activities to determine suitability for the trial
• Male or female, age 12 to less than 18 years at the time of signing informed consent and less than 18 years at date of randomisation
• BMI corresponding to equal to or above 30 kg/m^2 for adults by international cut-off points and equal or above the 95th percentile for age and sex (for diagnosis of obesity)
• Stable body weight during the previous 90 days before screening V2 (below 5 kg self-reported weight change)
• History of failing to lose sufficient weight with lifestyle modification as judged by the investigator and documented in subject's medical record

Exclusion Criteria:

• Pre-pubertal subjects (Tanner stage 1) at screening V2
• Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM)
• Family or personal history of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2)
• Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC)
• History of pancreatitis (acute or chronic)
• Subjects with secondary causes of obesity (i.e., hypothalamic, genetic or endocrine causes)
• Treatment with medications within 90 days before screening V2 that, based on the investigator's judgement, may cause significant weight change. This should also include treatment with any of the following medications: pramlintide, orlistat, zonisamide, topiramate, lorcaserin, phenteremine, bupropion, naltrexone, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, or metformin (used as treatment for obesity)
• Anti-diabetic treatment other than metformin
• History of major depressive disorder within 2 years before screening V2

Contacts and Locations

Locations

United States, Idaho

Novo Nordisk Investigational Site

Meridian, Idaho, United States, 83646

United States, Louisiana

Novo Nordisk Investigational Site

Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States, 70808-4124

United States, Maryland

Novo Nordisk Investigational Site

Baltimore, Maryland, United States, 21229

United States, Minnesota

Novo Nordisk Investigational Site

Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States, 55455

United States, New York

Novo Nordisk Investigational Site

Buffalo, New York, United States, 14222

United States, Ohio

Novo Nordisk Investigational Site

Columbus, Ohio, United States, 43213

Novo Nordisk Investigational Site

Dayton, Ohio, United States, 45406

Novo Nordisk Investigational Site

Dayton, Ohio, United States, 45419

United States, Pennsylvania

Novo Nordisk Investigational Site

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States, 15224

United States, South Carolina

Novo Nordisk Investigational Site

Charleston, South Carolina, United States, 29425

Novo Nordisk Investigational Site

Goose Creek, South Carolina, United States, 29445

Novo Nordisk Investigational Site

Greenville, South Carolina, United States, 29615

United States, Tennessee

Novo Nordisk Investigational Site

Memphis, Tennessee, United States, 38119

Belgium

Novo Nordisk Investigational Site

Brussels, Belgium, 1090

Novo Nordisk Investigational Site

Brussels, Belgium, 1200

Novo Nordisk Investigational Site

Edegem, Belgium, 2650

Novo Nordisk Investigational Site

Hasselt, Belgium, 3500

Novo Nordisk Investigational Site

Leuven, Belgium, 3000

Novo Nordisk Investigational Site

Namur, Belgium, 5000

Mexico

Novo Nordisk Investigational Site

Ciudad Madero, Tamaulipas, Mexico, 89440

Novo Nordisk Investigational Site

Puebla, Mexico, 72190

Russian Federation

Novo Nordisk Investigational Site

Moscow, Russian Federation, 125373

Novo Nordisk Investigational Site

Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, 630048

Novo Nordisk Investigational Site

Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, 344013

Novo Nordisk Investigational Site

Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation, 191144

Novo Nordisk Investigational Site

Samara, Russian Federation, 443079

Novo Nordisk Investigational Site

Stavropol, Russian Federation, 355035

Novo Nordisk Investigational Site

Tomsk, Russian Federation, 634050

Novo Nordisk Investigational Site

Ufa, Russian Federation, 450106

Sweden

Novo Nordisk Investigational Site

Göteborg, Sweden, 416 85

Novo Nordisk Investigational Site

Huddinge, Sweden, 141 57

Novo Nordisk Investigational Site

Malmö, Sweden, 205 02

Novo Nordisk Investigational Site

Uppsala, Sweden, 751 85

Sponsors and Collaborators

Novo Nordisk A/S

Investigators

• Study Director: Global Clinical Registry (GCR); Novo Nordisk A/S

  Study Documents (Full-Text)

Documents provided by Novo Nordisk A/S:

Study Protocol  [PDF] December 11, 2019

Statistical Analysis Plan  [PDF] December 11, 2019

More Information

Publications of Results:

Kelly AS, Auerbach P, Barrientos-Perez M, Gies I, Hale PM, Marcus C, Mastrandrea LD, Prabhu N, Arslanian S; NN8022-4180 Trial Investigators. A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Liraglutide for Adolescents with Obesity. N Engl J Med. 2020 May 28;382(22):2117-2128. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1916038. Epub 2020 Mar 31.

• Responsible Party: Novo Nordisk A/S
• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02918279
• Other Study ID Numbers: NN8022-4180; 2014-004353-14 ( EudraCT Number ); U1111-1162-7101 ( Other Identifier: WHO )
• First Posted: September 28, 2016
• Results First Posted: April 27, 2020
• Last Update Posted: April 27, 2020
• Last Verified: April 2020

Additional relevant MeSH terms:

Obesity; Nutrition Disorders; Overweight; Overnutrition; Body Weight; Liraglutide; Hypoglycemic Agents; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Incretins; Hormones; Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists