Multifamily Group to Reduce Marital Conflict and Disability in Veterans With mTBI (MFG-mTBI)

• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02057081
• Recruitment Status: Completed
• First Posted: February 6, 2014
• Results First Posted: June 4, 2020
• Last Update Posted: June 4, 2020
• Sponsor: VA Office of Research and Development
• Information provided by (Responsible Party): VA Office of Research and Development

Study Description

Brief Summary:

This project addresses the rehabilitation and mental health needs of married combat Veterans post-deployed from Iraq or Afghanistan with a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and/or significant posttraumatic stress (PTS) or combat-related stress (CS) by providing psychoeducation, communication and problem solving skills in a multifamily group (MFG) setting. In this group, Veterans and spouses/cohabiting partners learn customized therapeutic strategies to help compensate for deficits and promote Veteran community integration, interpersonal and emotion regulation skills, and marital satisfaction. The effectiveness of the skills-based MFG will be compared to that of a health education group which offers a supportive environment and basic education without skills training through a randomized clinical trial. As there is currently no family-based intervention for Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom (OEF/OIF) Veterans with mTBI offered within the VA spectrum of services, this intervention fills a crucial gap in healthcare for our newest Veterans.

Condition or disease	Intervention/treatment	Phase
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury; Posttraumatic Stress Disorders; Depression	Behavioral: Multifamily Group for mTBI for Couples; Behavioral: Group Health Education (GHE)	Not Applicable

Detailed Description:

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), an injury or concussion associated with brief loss of consciousness or altered mental state, has affected as many as 35% of soldiers wounded during recent military actions in Iraq and Afghanistan. Up to 30% of those injured report persistent somatic, emotional and cognitive post-concussive symptoms (PCS) which may adversely impact family life and community re-integration. Marital conflict and intimate partner violence, reported by 54% of OEF/OIF couples, and co-occurring mental health problems may exacerbate cognitive dysfunction and delay rehabilitation. A key contributor to marital conflict is a lack of knowledge about the Veteran's condition and the skills needed to help him compensate for common deficits in memory and planning which create challenges in household management. Despite a growing evidence base for couples treatment for PTSD, there is no established family-based treatment for OEF/OIF Veterans with mTBI, creating a critical research and services gap. The proposed research aims to fill this gap by evaluating a novel form of multi-family group treatment designed to improve community integration (CI) among married/cohabiting OEF/OIF Veterans with mTBI and/or significant posttraumatic stress (PTS) or combat-related stress (CS) by training spouse/partners to aid with rehabilitation and employing disability-adapted communication and problem-solving skills to reduce marital conflict and improve marital satisfaction.

Veterans (N=150) with a positive Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center (DVBIC) screen for mTBI sustained during the OEF/OIF era, confirmed by the VA Identification Clinical Interview and a Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score 19 or if they either meet diagnostic criteria for PTSD or have trauma- or CS of at least moderate severity, as defined by either a) PTSD Checklist (PCL) score >34 or b) Customer Effort Score (CES) score of >23, will be randomized to receive either: 1) Multifamily Group for TBI for Couples (MFG-mTBI-C), a psychoeducational, rehabilitation and skills-building intervention consisting of a 2-session multifamily educational workshop providing information about TBI and 12 bi-monthly multifamily group meetings providing skills training in problem-solving and communication related to cognitive/emotional deficits; or 2) 14 bi-monthly multifamily group sessions delivering health education without skills training. Both treatments will be preceded by 2-3 individual couples sessions. Participants will be assessed pre- and post-treatment and 6 months post-treatment. Data will be analyzed using an intent-to-treat analysis with paired comparisons between treatment groups on primary (Veteran CI, caregiver burden) and secondary (anger management, use of social supports) outcome variables using mixed effects regression models. It is hypothesized that Veterans treated with MFG-mTBI-C will show improved CI, anger management and use of social support, and spouse/partners will show reduced burden compared with those treated in the health education group. If efficacious, MFG-mTBI-C has the potential to assist Veterans with mTBI and their partners throughout the VA Health Care System.

Study Design

• Study Type: Interventional (Clinical Trial)
• Actual Enrollment: 249 participants
• Allocation: Randomized
• Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Double (Participant, Outcomes Assessor)
• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Official Title: Multifamily Group to Reduce Marital Conflict and Disability in Veterans With mTBI
• Actual Study Start Date: October 9, 2014
• Actual Primary Completion Date: March 12, 2019
• Actual Study Completion Date: August 31, 2019

Arms and Interventions

Arm	Intervention/treatment
Experimental: Treatment; Intensive 14-session psychoeducational rehabilitation and skills-building intervention for couples.	Behavioral: Multifamily Group for mTBI for Couples; MFG-mTBI-C uses a structured problem-solving and skills training approach to provide Veterans and partners with tools and information to improve coping and help couples reconnect through positive behavioral exchanges.; Other Name: MFG-mTBI-C
Active Comparator: Control; Didactic 14-session educational group intervention for families.	Behavioral: Group Health Education (GHE); GHE is a 14-session, highly structured educational intervention providing general information on health problems that are common among the general OEF/OIF cohort including sleep and sleep problems, physical activity and exercise, and alcohol and drug use, as well as guidelines for improving health behavior in these areas.; Other Name: GHE

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures :

1. Change in the Community Reintegration of Injured Service Members Computer Adaptive Test (CRIS-CAT) [ Time Frame: baseline, post-treatment in study month 38 after 12 bimonthly sessions, and 6-months post-treatment in study month 44 ]
   The Community Reintegration of Injured Service Members Computer Adaptive Test (CRIS-CAT) was used to measure community reintegration. The measure includes 3 subscales: Extent of Participation, Perceived Limitations, and Satisfaction. A total score for each subscale is calculated by summing item responses (range= 10 to 140), with higher scores indicating greater frequency of community participation (extent of participation), greater perceived limitations to community participation (perceived limitations), and greater satisfaction with community participation (satisfaction).

Secondary Outcome Measures :

1. Change in Caregiver Burden Inventory [ Time Frame: Baseline, post-treatment in study month 38 after 12 bimonthly sessions, and 6-months post-treatment in study month 44 ]
   The Caregiver Burden Inventory is a 24-item scale that measures caregiver burden in four areas: physical, social, emotional and time dependence burden. A total score is calculated by summing the item responses (range= 1 to 100), with higher scores indicating greater caregiver burden.

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 Years to 65 Years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Sexes Eligible for Study: All
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

Eligible Veterans must have a diagnosis of mTBI in accordance with the VA/DoD Clinical Practice Guideline for Management of Concussion/Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: injury or concussion associated with at least one of the following: brief (< 30 minutes) loss of consciousness or altered state of consciousness or post-traumatic amnesia for < 24 hours following the injury, or they either meet diagnostic criteria for PTSD based on the MINI or have trauma- or CS of at least moderate severity, as defined by either: a) PCL score >34; or b) CES score of >23.

• The TBI must be either blast-related or attributable to another discrete event (e.g., fall, fight, injury) sustained during deployment in the OEF/OIF era.
• Post-concussive symptoms (e.g., sleep or memory problems, headache) must not be attributable to a subsequent injury or other pre-existing or concurrent neurologic disorder:
• Eligible Veterans must also have a consenting, qualifying spouse/cohabiting partner and a Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) (Nasreddine,2005) score 19.
• The 30-item MoCA screens for impairment in specific areas of cognitive functioning deemed necessary for participation in a 90-minute, structured group including attention and concentration, executive functions, language and conceptual thinking.
• We have specified a MoCA cut-off at the lower end of the range for mild cognitive dysfunction (19), in order to exclude Veterans with severe memory and/or other cognitive deficits, while admitting those with more mild deficits, as these represent our target population, i.e. Veterans with a history of mTBI.

Inclusion criteria-partners: Legally married to or co-residing with Veteran for at least 6 months, with no plans for divorce or separation.

Exclusion Criteria:

Exclusion criteria for Veterans and partners are:

• a lifetime diagnosis of a major psychiatric disorder (schizophrenia, schizoaffective or bipolar disorder with psychotic features) or active psychosis based on the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR (SCID-L) (First et al., 2007).
• alcohol or drug abuse or dependence with past 6 months defined by a Short Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (SMAST) (Selzer, 1975) 3, based on the recommended cut-off for TBI survivors (Gentilello et al.,1995) or a Drug Abuse Screening Test-10 (DAST-10) (Skinner, 1982) 3.
• "severe" inter-partner violence as defined by the revised 20-item Conflict Tactics Scale Short Form (CTS2S) (Straus & Douglas, 2004).
• a suicide attempt within the past 6 months (aborted and interrupted attempts) as assessed by the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating scale (C-SSRS).
• medical condition or life event (e.g., ongoing or pending legal action in another state) that would compromise participation.
• participation of either the caregiver or Veteran in another psychosocial intervention trial or couples' treatment six months prior to or during study or follow-up. Participation in individual psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy are permitted: use of and starting/stopping these services will be tracked. Participants will be screened for inclusion/exclusion as described above immediately after giving consent.

Contacts and Locations

Locations

United States, Maryland

Baltimore VA Medical Center VA Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD

Baltimore, Maryland, United States, 21201

United States, New York

James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY

Bronx, New York, United States, 10468

Manhattan Campus of the VA NY Harbor Healthcare System, New York, NY

New York, New York, United States, 10010

Sponsors and Collaborators

VA Office of Research and Development

Investigators

• Principal Investigator: Amy L Drapalski, PhD; Baltimore VA Medical Center VA Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD

  Study Documents (Full-Text)

Documents provided by VA Office of Research and Development:

Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan  [PDF] December 22, 2017

More Information

• Responsible Party: VA Office of Research and Development
• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02057081
• Other Study ID Numbers: D1106-R; 1I01RX001106 ( U.S. NIH Grant/Contract )
• First Posted: February 6, 2014
• Results First Posted: June 4, 2020
• Last Update Posted: June 4, 2020
• Last Verified: May 2020

Individual Participant Data (IPD) Sharing Statement:

• Plan to Share IPD: No

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product: No
• Product Manufactured in and Exported from the U.S.: No

Keywords provided by VA Office of Research and Development:

Veterans Health; Veterans; Psychotherapy, Group; Stress Disorders, Post-traumatic; Mild Traumatic Brain Injury; Spouses; Couples; Depression; Couples Therapy; Family Therapy; PTSD; posttraumatic stress disorder

Additional relevant MeSH terms:

Brain Injuries; Brain Injuries, Traumatic; Brain Concussion; Depression; Stress Disorders, Traumatic; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic; Behavioral Symptoms; Mental Disorders; Brain Diseases; Central Nervous System Diseases; Nervous System Diseases; Craniocerebral Trauma; Trauma, Nervous System; Wounds and Injuries; Trauma and Stressor Related Disorders; Head Injuries, Closed; Wounds, Nonpenetrating