Omalizumab (Xolair) and Allergy Shots For the Treatment of Seasonal Allergies

• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00078195
• Recruitment Status: Completed
• First Posted: February 20, 2004
• Last Update Posted: October 18, 2016
• Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
• Collaborator: Immune Tolerance Network (ITN)
• Information provided by (Responsible Party): National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

Study Description

Brief Summary:

A series of allergy shots may reduce symptoms of seasonal ragweed allergies. This study will determine whether taking a drug called omalizumab (also known as Xolair) before getting the allergy shots is more effective than allergy shots alone or other treatments, such as prescription antihistamines.

Condition or disease	Intervention/treatment	Phase
Hay Fever; Hypersensitivity; Allergy; Rhinitis	Biological: omalizumab; Biological: Placebo omalizumab; Biological: Ragweed rush immunotherapy (RIT); Biological: Placebo rush immunotherapy (RIT); Biological: Ragweed immunotherapy (IT); Biological: Placebo immunotherapy (IT)	Phase 2

Detailed Description:

Allergic rhinitis affects 20 to 40 million Americans annually. Allergy symptoms, which can range from mild to seriously debilitating, may affect quality of life. Left untreated, allergic rhinitis can exacerbate or trigger more serious conditions, such as asthma and sinus inflammation.

Individuals with allergies react to harmless particles such as dust or pollen. Proteins in the blood called IgE antibodies treat the harmless particles as invaders and trigger an immune system response. The immune response results in harmful inflammation of healthy tissues. In ragweed allergy, inflammation occurs in the airways and causes familiar allergy symptoms like sneezing, coughing, and general discomfort.

Omalizumab is an investigational drug that has been shown to block the effects of IgE antibodies. The blocking effect of omalizumab is temporary, but giving the drug to people before their regular allergy shots may make the shots more effective.

Participants in this study will be randomly assigned to receive injections of omalizumab or a placebo before an accelerated course of allergy shots (given over 12 weeks). The participants will return for follow-up for up to one year, and they may have as many as 27 study visits.

Study Design

• Study Type: Interventional (Clinical Trial)
• Enrollment: 168 participants
• Allocation: Randomized
• Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Double
• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Official Title: Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of Allergen Immunotherapy Co-Administered With Omalizumab, an Anti-IgE Monoclonal Antibody (ITN019AD)
• Study Start Date: April 2003
• Actual Primary Completion Date: May 2005
• Actual Study Completion Date: May 2005

Arms and Interventions

Arm	Intervention/treatment
Experimental: Omalizumab pre-treatment, ragweed RIT, omalizumab + ragweed IT; Participants are pre-treated with omalizumab followed by ragweed rush immunotherapy (RIT) followed by dual therapy with omalizumab plus ragweed immunotherapy (IT).	Biological: omalizumab; A minimum equivalent dose of 0.016 mg/kg/IgE (IU/mL) every 4 weeks will be administered. Omalizumab is administered in two separate phases. In the pre-treatment period omalizumab will be administered to condition the participants to an immune tolerance state. Omalizumab will be also administered after RIT and during the maintenance immunotherapy phase.; Other Names: Xolair™; anti-Immunoglobulin E (IgE); Biological: Ragweed rush immunotherapy (RIT); RIT will consist of a series of injections containing ragweed extract. The series of injections will have progressively greater amounts of ragweed extract: starting from the 1:1000 dilution of the maintenance vial and progressing to the 0.3 mL of 1:10 dilution of the maintenance vial or the maximally tolerated amount.; Biological: Ragweed immunotherapy (IT); Participants will receive weekly maintenance IT dosing for a total of 12 weeks.
Experimental: Omalizumab pre-treatment, omalizumab; Participants are pre-treated with omalizumab followed by placebo rush immunotherapy (RIT), followed by dual therapy with Omalizumab plus placebo immunotherapy (IT).	Biological: omalizumab; A minimum equivalent dose of 0.016 mg/kg/IgE (IU/mL) every 4 weeks will be administered. Omalizumab is administered in two separate phases. In the pre-treatment period omalizumab will be administered to condition the participants to an immune tolerance state. Omalizumab will be also administered after RIT and during the maintenance immunotherapy phase.; Other Names: Xolair™; anti-Immunoglobulin E (IgE); Biological: Placebo rush immunotherapy (RIT); The placebo for rush immunotherapy will contain the diluents and histamine.; Biological: Placebo immunotherapy (IT); The placebo for immunotherapy will contain the diluents and histamine.
Active Comparator: Ragweed RIT, ragweed IT; Participants are pre-treated with placebo omalizumab followed by ragweed rush immunotherapy (RIT), followed by dual therapy with placebo omalizumab plus ragweed immunotherapy (IT).	Biological: Placebo omalizumab; The placebo for omalizumab will contain the excipients and diluents of the omalizumab.; Biological: Ragweed rush immunotherapy (RIT); RIT will consist of a series of injections containing ragweed extract. The series of injections will have progressively greater amounts of ragweed extract: starting from the 1:1000 dilution of the maintenance vial and progressing to the 0.3 mL of 1:10 dilution of the maintenance vial or the maximally tolerated amount.; Biological: Ragweed immunotherapy (IT); Participants will receive weekly maintenance IT dosing for a total of 12 weeks.
Placebo Comparator: Placebo; Participants are pre-treated with placebo omalizumab followed by placebo rush immunotherapy (RIT), followed by dual therapy with placebo omalizumab plus placebo immunotherapy (IT).	Biological: Placebo omalizumab; The placebo for omalizumab will contain the excipients and diluents of the omalizumab.; Biological: Placebo rush immunotherapy (RIT); The placebo for rush immunotherapy will contain the diluents and histamine.; Biological: Placebo immunotherapy (IT); The placebo for immunotherapy will contain the diluents and histamine.

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures :

1. Average daily allergy severity score [ Time Frame: 2003 ragweed pollen season ]
   The average daily allergy severity score will be calculated from participants' 5 symptom scores (sneezing; rhinorrhea/runny nose; itchy nose, throat, and palate; itchy, watery eyes; and nasal congestion/stuffiness) during the ragweed pollen season. Symptom scores are recorded twice daily (AM and PM). The sum of the individual symptom scores will be averaged over AM and PM to give a daily score. Each daily score will then be averaged to obtain one measure of the average daily allergy severity score for each participant. The ragweed pollen season begins when the ragweed pollen counts rise to 10 ragweed pollen grains/m3/24 hours or above on two consecutive recorded days, and the ragweed pollen season ends when the ragweed pollen counts fall below 10 ragweed pollen grains/m3/24 hours on two consecutive recorded days. The ragweed pollen season is from approximately August 15, 2003 to October 1, 2003, but varies among the sites.

Secondary Outcome Measures :

1. Incidence and severity of adverse events [ Time Frame: 2003 ragweed pollen season ]
   The ragweed pollen season begins when the ragweed pollen counts rise to 10 ragweed pollen grains/m3/24 hours or above on two consecutive recorded days, and the ragweed pollen season ends when the ragweed pollen counts fall below 10 ragweed pollen grains/m3/24 hours on two consecutive recorded days. The ragweed pollen season is from approximately August 15, 2003 to October 1, 2003, but varies among the sites.
2. Number of days with rescue medication (fexofenadine HCl 60 mg) use [ Time Frame: 2003 ragweed pollen season ]
   The ragweed pollen season begins when the ragweed pollen counts rise to 10 ragweed pollen grains/m3/24 hours or above on two consecutive recorded days, and the ragweed pollen season ends when the ragweed pollen counts fall below 10 ragweed pollen grains/m3/24 hours on two consecutive recorded days. The ragweed pollen season is from approximately August 15, 2003 to October 1, 2003, but varies among the sites.
3. Number of rescue medication capsules used [ Time Frame: 2003 ragweed pollen season ]
   The ragweed pollen season begins when the ragweed pollen counts rise to 10 ragweed pollen grains/m3/24 hours or above on two consecutive recorded days, and the ragweed pollen season ends when the ragweed pollen counts fall below 10 ragweed pollen grains/m3/24 hours on two consecutive recorded days. The ragweed pollen season is from approximately August 15, 2003 to October 1, 2003, but varies among the sites.
4. Rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life (QOL) questionnaire (RQLQ) scores [ Time Frame: 2003 ragweed pollen season ]
   The ragweed pollen season begins when the ragweed pollen counts rise to 10 ragweed pollen grains/m3/24 hours or above on two consecutive recorded days, and the ragweed pollen season ends when the ragweed pollen counts fall below 10 ragweed pollen grains/m3/24 hours on two consecutive recorded days. The ragweed pollen season is from approximately August 15, 2003 to October 1, 2003, but varies among the sites.
5. Daily morning allergy symptom scores [ Time Frame: 2003 ragweed pollen season ]
   The ragweed pollen season begins when the ragweed pollen counts rise to 10 ragweed pollen grains/m3/24 hours or above on two consecutive recorded days, and the ragweed pollen season ends when the ragweed pollen counts fall below 10 ragweed pollen grains/m3/24 hours on two consecutive recorded days. The ragweed pollen season is from approximately August 15, 2003 to October 1, 2003, but varies among the sites.
6. Daily nighttime allergy symptom scores during the 2003 ragweed season [ Time Frame: 2003 ragweed pollen season ]
   The ragweed pollen season begins when the ragweed pollen counts rise to 10 ragweed pollen grains/m3/24 hours or above on two consecutive recorded days, and the ragweed pollen season ends when the ragweed pollen counts fall below 10 ragweed pollen grains/m3/24 hours on two consecutive recorded days. The ragweed pollen season is from approximately August 15, 2003 to October 1, 2003, but varies among the sites.
7. Individual allergy symptom scores during the 2003 ragweed season [ Time Frame: 2003 ragweed pollen season ]
   The ragweed pollen season begins when the ragweed pollen counts rise to 10 ragweed pollen grains/m3/24 hours or above on two consecutive recorded days, and the ragweed pollen season ends when the ragweed pollen counts fall below 10 ragweed pollen grains/m3/24 hours on two consecutive recorded days. The ragweed pollen season is from approximately August 15, 2003 to October 1, 2003, but varies among the sites.

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 Years to 50 Years (Adult)
• Sexes Eligible for Study: All
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Able to comprehend and grant a witnessed, written informed consent prior to any study procedures.
• Female participants of child bearing age must have a negative urine pregnancy test at Screening Visit and subsequent visits. In addition, female participants must be using a medically acceptable form of birth control.
• History of seasonal allergic rhinitis for at least 2 years with symptoms during the ragweed pollen season requiring pharmacotherapy.
• A positive skin test by prick method to ragweed pollen at the Screening Visit. A positive skin prick test will be defined as a ragweed pollen-induced wheal greater than 3 mm larger in diameter than diluent control (measurements will be made 15-20 minutes after application).
• Must be capable of faithfully completing the diary and of attending regularly scheduled study visits.
• Must intend to remain in the ragweed pollen area during the entire ragweed season.
• Willing to avoid prohibited medications for the periods indicated in the protocol.
• Participants must meet pretrial eligibility requirements for trial enrollment (acceptable medical history, physical examination results, normal electrocardiogram and acceptable laboratory test results).
• Participants must have a baseline serum Immunoglobulin E (IgE) level greater than 10 and less than 700 IU/mL.

Exclusion Criteria

• weigh less than 30 kg or more than 120 kg.
• pregnant or lactating.
• history of severe anaphylactoid (non-IgE mediated) or anaphylactic reactions).
• history of immunotherapy within the past 10 years, if received one full year of immunotherapy, or within the past 5 years if received less than one year of immunotherapy.
• known hypersensitivity to trial rescue medication (fexofenadine HCl).
• taking beta-adrenergic antagonists in any form.
• taking allergic ophthalmologic medication.
• clinically significant perennial rhinitis that would interfere in assessment of ragweed-induced seasonal allergic rhinitis symptoms.
• Presence of a severely deviated nasal septum, septal perforation, structural nasal defect or large nasal polyps causing obstruction.
• History of an upper respiratory or sinus infection requiring treatment with an antibiotic within 2 weeks prior to Screening Visit.
• Documented evidence of acute or significant chronic sinusitis, as determined by the Investigator.
• Asthma (either history of, abnormal spirometry, [forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) less than 80% predicted] or use of asthma medications).
• Chronic or intermittent use of inhaled, oral, intra-muscular, or intra-venous corticosteroids; or chronic or intermittent use of topical corticosteroids within 4 weeks of Visit Screening Visit.
• Chronic use of medications (e.g., tricyclic antidepressants) that would affect assessment of the effectiveness of the study medication.
• Rhinitis medicamentosa.
• History or presence of significant renal, hepatic, neurologic, cardiovascular, hematologic, metabolic, cerebrovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal or other significant medical condition including, autoimmune or collagen vascular disorders, aside from organ-specific autoimmune disease limited to the thyroid that in the Investigator's opinion could interfere with the study or require medical treatment that would interfere with the study.
• History of cancer other than basal cell carcinoma of the skin.
• History within the past year of excessive alcohol intake or drug addiction.
• Current smokers, greater than 10 pack year history, or participants who quit smoking less than one year prior to Screening.
• Use of any prohibited concomitant medications during the washout period (i.e., before screening) and throughout the study period.
• Participants currently undergoing immunotherapy.
• Participants with clinically significant abnormality on 12-lead Electrocardiogram (ECG) on screening visit.
• Treatment with an experimental, non-approved drug, or investigational drug within the past 30 days.
• Participants with a history of noncompliance to medical regimens and participants who are considered potentially unreliable.
• Previous treatment with a monoclonal antibody for any reason including anti-IgE in any form (e.g., omalizumab).
• Participants with known hypersensitivity to trial drug ingredients (i.e., sucrose, histidine, polysorbate 20) or related drugs (i.e., monoclonal antibody; polyclonal gamma-globulin).

Contacts and Locations

Locations

United States, Iowa

University of Iowa

Iowa City, Iowa, United States, 52242

United States, Nebraska

Creighton University

Omaha, Nebraska, United States, 68131

United States, Wisconsin

University of Wisconsin

Madison, Wisconsin, United States, 53705

Sponsors and Collaborators

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

Immune Tolerance Network (ITN)

Investigators

• Principal Investigator: Thomas Casale, MD; Creighton University

More Information

Additional Information:

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) 

Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Transplantation (DAIT) 

Immune Tolerance Network (ITN) 

Study Data/Documents: Individual Participant Data Set 

Identifier: SDY1
ImmPort study identifier is SDY1

Study Protocol 

Identifier: SDY1
ImmPort study identifier is SDY1

Study design, -summary, -files, -interventions, participant schedule of events, -demographics, et al. 

Identifier: SDY1
ImmPort study identifier is SDY1

Individual Participant Data Set 

Identifier: CASALE ITN019AD
TrialShare study identifier is CASALE ITN019AD

Study protocol synopsis; -schedule of assessments; -data and reports; -specimens availability et al. 

Identifier: CASALE ITN019AD
TrialShare study identifier is CASALE ITN019AD

Publications of Results:

Nayak A, Casale T, Miller SD, Condemi J, McAlary M, Fowler-Taylor A, Della Cioppa G, Gupta N. Tolerability of retreatment with omalizumab, a recombinant humanized monoclonal anti-IgE antibody, during a second ragweed pollen season in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis. Allergy Asthma Proc. 2003 Sep-Oct;24(5):323-9.

Casale TB, Busse WW, Kline JN, Ballas ZK, Moss MH, Townley RG, Mokhtarani M, Seyfert-Margolis V, Asare A, Bateman K, Deniz Y; Immune Tolerance Network Group. Omalizumab pretreatment decreases acute reactions after rush immunotherapy for ragweed-induced seasonal allergic rhinitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2006 Jan;117(1):134-40. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2005.09.036. Epub 2005 Dec 2.

Klunker S, Saggar LR, Seyfert-Margolis V, Asare AL, Casale TB, Durham SR, Francis JN; Immune Tolerance Network Group. Combination treatment with omalizumab and rush immunotherapy for ragweed-induced allergic rhinitis: Inhibition of IgE-facilitated allergen binding. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2007 Sep;120(3):688-95. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2007.05.034. Epub 2007 Jul 12.

• Responsible Party: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00078195
• Other Study ID Numbers: DAIT ITN019AD
• First Posted: February 20, 2004
• Last Update Posted: October 18, 2016
• Last Verified: October 2016

Individual Participant Data (IPD) Sharing Statement:

• Plan to Share IPD: Yes
• Plan Description: Participant level data and additional relevant materials are available to the public in: 1.) the Immunology Database and Analysis Portal (ImmPort), a long-term archive of clinical and mechanistic data from DAIT-funded grants and contracts; and 2.) TrialShare, the Immune Tolerance Network (ITN) Clinical Trials Research data sharing portal.

Keywords provided by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID):

Ragweed; Immunotherapy; Rush Immunotherapy; RIT; Hayfever; Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis

Additional relevant MeSH terms:

Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal; Hypersensitivity; Respiratory Tract Infections; Infections; Nose Diseases; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases; Immune System Diseases; Rhinitis, Allergic; Respiratory Hypersensitivity; Hypersensitivity, Immediate; Omalizumab; Immunoglobulins; Immunologic Factors; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Anti-Allergic Agents; Anti-Asthmatic Agents; Respiratory System Agents