Inclusion Criteria:

Subjects may be in the study only if they meet all of the following criteria.

1. Female patients greater than or equal to 18 years of age.
2. Histologically or cytologically confirmed ovarian epithelial, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cavity cancer that was treated with and was sensitive to one prior platinum-based chemotherapy regimen for Stage III or Stage IV disease.

3. Documentation of biochemical relapse defined by CA125 criteria (measurable or non-measurable by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1 (RECIST criteria), more than six months since completion of first-line platinum-based chemotherapy requiring treatment with further platinum-based chemotherapy. CA125 criteria for relapse Gynecologic Cancer Intergroup (GCIG) criteria are the finding of 2 serum CA125 levels with samples taken at least 1 week apart and no greater than 3 months apart:

   • greater than or equal to 2 x ULN in patients with an elevated pre-treatment serum CA125 level followed by normalization on treatment and prior to progression OR
   • greater than or equal to 2X nadir value for patients with an elevated pre-treatment CA125 that never normalizes).
4. Gynecological Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1
5. Life expectancy greater than or equal to 3 months
6. Patients must have recovered from effects of any major surgery within 28 days from the first dose of study treatment.

7. Adequate hematologic, renal, liver, and coagulation system function as defined by laboratory values performed within 21 days prior to initiation of dosing.

   • Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) greater than or equal to 1.5 x 109/L
   • Platelet count greater than or equal to 100 x 109/L
   • Hemoglobin greater than or equal to 9 g/dL
   • Serum creatinine less than or equal to 1.5 X ULN and/or creatinine clearance 50 dL/min
   • Total serum bilirubin less than or equal to 1.5 X ULN
   • Serum aspartate transaminase (AST/SGOT) or serum alanine transaminase (ALT/SGPT) less than or equal to 2.5 X ULN, and less than or equal to 5 X ULN in cases of liver metastasis
   • PT/International normalized ratio (INR) less than or equal to 1.5 X ULN
   • PTT less than or equal to 1.1 X ULN
8. Blood pressure must be well-controlled (less than or equal to 140/90 mmHg at screening) with or without antihypertensive medication. Patients must have no history of hypertensive crisis or hypertensive encephalopathy;
9. Patients should have a negative pregnancy test at screening in pre-menopausal women and women less than 2 years after the onset of menopause. Pre-menopausal women must agree to use an acceptable method of birth control from the time of the negative pregnancy test up to 90 days after the last dose of study drug. Women of non-childbearing potential may be included if they are either surgically sterile or have been postmenopausal for greater than or equal to 1 year;
10. Before study entry, written informed consent must be obtained from patient prior to performing any study-related procedures.

Exclusion Criteria:

Patients will not be entered in the study for any of the following reasons:

1. Pregnant, breast-feeding, or refusing double barrier contraception, oral contraceptives or avoidance of pregnancy measures;
2. Prior anti-angiogenic therapy with anti-VEGFR inhibitors; bevacizumab is allowed;
3. Prior gemcitabine;
4. Subjects with proteinuria greater than 1+ on urine dipstick testing will undergo 24-hour urine collection for quantitative assessment of proteinuria. Subjects with 24-hour urine protein greater than or equal to 1 g/24 hours will be ineligible.
5. Ovarian nonepithelial cancer, including malignant mixed Müllerian tumors and borderline tumors (e.g., tumors of low malignant potential);
6. Other malignancy within 5 years of randomization, with the exception of adequately treated carcinoma in situ of the cervix or non-melanoma skin cancer, with no subsequent evidence of recurrence;
7. History of, or known carcinomatous meningitis;
8. Are currently receiving any other treatment for the tumor (including palliative radiotherapy) aside from control of symptoms;
9. Received treatment in another clinical study within the 30 days prior to commencing study treatment or patients who have not recovered from side effects of an investigational drug to Grade less than or equal to 1, except for peripheral neuropathy (Grade 1 or 2 are permitted) or alopecia;
10. Received chemotherapy, biological therapy, hormonal therapy, targeted therapy, or radiotherapy within the 30 days prior to commencing study treatment or have not recovered from all treatment-related toxicities to Grade less than or equal to 1, except for peripheral neuropathy (Grade 1 or 2 are permitted) or alopecia;
11. Serious non-healing wound, ulcer, bone fracture, or have undergone a major surgical procedure, open biopsy, or significant traumatic injury within the 28 days prior to commencing study treatment. Minor surgery such as Portacath placement or skin biopsy is permitted if greater than or equal to 7 days have passed;
12. The use of anti-coagulants such as Vitamin K antagonists, unfractionated heparin, or low molecular weight heparin;
13. Refractory nausea and vomiting, malabsorption, significant bowel resection, or any other medical condition that would preclude adequate absorption or result in the inability to take oral medication;
14. Significant cardiovascular impairment (history of congestive heart failure) New York Heart Association (NYHA) Grade II, unstable angina or myocardial infarction within the past 6 months, or serious cardiac arrhythmia);
15. Any history of cerebral vascular accident (CVA) or transient ischemic attack (TIA) unless they have had no evidence of active disease for at least 6 months prior to randomization
16. Active hemoptysis (defined as bright red blood of ½ teaspoon or more) within the 30 days prior to study entry;
17. History of abdominal fistula, gastrointestinal perforation, or intraabdominal abscess within the 6 months prior to enrolment;
18. History of bleeding diathesis or coagulopathy;
19. History of an allograft requiring immunosuppression;
20. Known positive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), known surface antigen positive for hepatitis B hepatitis or C positive;
21. Hypersensitivity to E7080 and/or E7080 chemical derivative; or
22. Have any other uncontrolled infection or medical condition which would interfere with the conduct of the study.