• Time to event, defined as ≥ 50% loss of strength in the hip flexors as assessed by dynamometry peak force measures at baseline and at 1, 3, 5, and 7 months [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  

• Muscle strength testing in other proximal muscles (i.e., knee extensors, knee flexors, arm abductors, elbow extensors and flexors, and neck flexors) as assessed by dynamometry at baseline and at 1, 3, 5, and 7 months [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• Performance on timed functional tests (TFT) as assessed at baseline and at 1, 3, 5, and 7 months [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• Leg muscle mass as assessed by CT scan at baseline and at 3 and 7 months [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• Activities of daily living as assessed by the Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index at baseline and at 1, 3, 5, and 7 months [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• Side effects of testosterone gel as assessed by frequency of adverse events, including laboratory abnormalities [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]
  
• Serum total testosterone levels as assessed at baseline and at 1, 3, and 7 months [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  

OBJECTIVES:

Primary

• To determine if daily administration of testosterone gel can prevent the development or reduce the severity of muscle weakness in men receiving glucocorticoids for newly diagnosed high-grade glioma.

Secondary

• To compare the difference in percent change from baseline timed functional tests (TFT) between patients who are treated with testosterone gel and those who are not.
• To compare the difference in percent change from baseline activities of daily living as assessed by the Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index (HAQ-DI) between patients who are treated with testosterone gel and those who are not.
• To compare the difference in percent change from baseline leg muscle mass as assessed by CT scan imaging between patients who are treated with testosterone gel and those who are not.
• To estimate the side effects of testosterone gel in these patients.

OUTLINE: Patients are stratified according to daily glucocorticoid dose (< 16 mg/day vs ≥ 16 mg/day), Karnofsky performance status (≤ 80% vs > 80%), and age (≤ 50 years of age vs > 50 years of age). Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 treatment arms.

• Arm I (control): Patients receive oral whey protein powder once daily for 7 months.
• Arm II (treatment): Patients apply topical testosterone gel to the shoulder, upper chest, or forearm once daily for 7 months.

Patients undergo strength testing and functional testing (TFT) and complete an activities of daily living questionnaire at baseline and at 1, 3, 5, and 7 months. Patients also undergo CT scan of the leg and laboratory testing at baseline and at 3 and 7 months. Testosterone levels are obtained at baseline and at 1, 3, and 7 months.

Patients complete a daily log of their glucocorticoid dose and to affirm compliance with therapy. Major clinical events related to underlying tumor (i.e., surgery, radiotherapy, initiating chemotherapy, concurrent antiepileptic therapy, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, transfusions, seizures, pneumonia, and other forms of infection) are also recorded.