• Executive functioning [ Time Frame: At the beginning of the intervention ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• Executive functioning [ Time Frame: At 12 weeks ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• Executive functioning [ Time Frame: At 24 weeks ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• Executive functioning [ Time Frame: At 6 months ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• Executive functioning [ Time Frame: At 1 year post-intervention. ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  

• Attention [ Time Frame: At the beginning of the intervention ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• Attention [ Time Frame: At 12 weeks ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• Attention [ Time Frame: At 24 weeks ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• Attention [ Time Frame: At 6 months ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• Attention [ Time Frame: At 1 year post-intervention ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• Depression and anxiety [ Time Frame: At the beginning of the intervention ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• Depression and anxiety [ Time Frame: At 12 weeks ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• Depression and anxiety [ Time Frame: At 24 weeks ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• Depression and anxiety [ Time Frame: At 6 months ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• Depression and anxiety [ Time Frame: At 1 year post-intervention ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• Memory and learning [ Time Frame: At the beginning of the intervention ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• Memory and learning [ Time Frame: At 12 weeks ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• Memory and learning [ Time Frame: At 24 weeks ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• Memory and learning [ Time Frame: At 6 months ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• Memory and learning [ Time Frame: At 1 year post-intervention ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• Participation, life satisfaction, and self-efficacy [ Time Frame: At the beginning of the intervention ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• Participation, life satisfaction, and self-efficacy [ Time Frame: At 12 weeks ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• Participation, life satisfaction, and self-efficacy [ Time Frame: At 24 weeks ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• Participation, life satisfaction, and self-efficacy [ Time Frame: At 6 months ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• Participation, life satisfaction, and self-efficacy [ Time Frame: At 1 year post-intervention ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  

Executive dysfunction following brain injury (BI) is commonly observed and has been well documented in the literature (Mateer, 1999; Prigatano, 1999; Levine et al., 2000; Shallice & Burgess, 1991; Cicerone & Giacino, 1992; Goldman-Rakic, 1993; Lezak, 1995, Riegal & Gauggel, 2002; McDonald, 2002; Stuss and Levine, 2003). Level of functioning such as vocational success, community reintegration, and social autonomy are associated with executive functioning abilities following BI (Mazaux et al. 1997, Sohlberg, Mateer, & Stuss, 1993; (Stuss & Levine, 2002, McDonald, 2002). Studies describing the rehabilitation of executive dysfunction have been limited to mostly single case or small group designs (Cicerone, et al., 2000). However, there have been three small randomized clinical trials that have had promising results suggesting the need for more research in this area. When considering all of the studies, it is evident that emphasis has been placed on three areas of intervention: attention remediation, emotional regulation and problem-solving. Consequently, given the pervasive disability found in individuals with BI that is secondary to executive function disorders and the promising, but limited, success of problem-solving-based interventions for executive functions, a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of the efficacy of a short-term, intensive executive function training program (Short-Term Executive Plus) is proposed. The Short-Term Executive Plus (STEP) program will combine treatments and treatment approaches that have proved to be effective in previous studies and will be compared to "wait-list" control group. This design was chosen because no appropriate control intervention exists. In other words there is no "standard" rehabilitation treatment available to these individuals that could serve as an appropriate "control" condition/treatment. As discussed earlier, cognitive remediation is typically delivered in extended full-time day treatment programs or weekly/bi-weekly individual sessions. Using more traditional extended treatments as a control condition would be inappropriate, as persons who can participate in extended, full-time are not the target of the proposed intervention. It is hypothesized that the STEP program will result in significant improvements in executive functioning (and related areas of attention, memory, community participation, and life satisfaction).