Inclusion Criteria

Concurrent Medication:

Allowed:

• Iron, multivitamins, short courses of treatment for correctable medical problems (e.g., urinary tract infection), oral trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) or aerosolized pentamidine for prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), prophylactic antifungal therapy, or isoniazid (INH) therapy.
• Acetaminophen.
• Other supportive therapy (blood and blood products, vaginal creams, antiemetics, antidiarrheals, cough medicines).
• Specific agents used during delivery, such as oxytocic agents or anesthetics. Participation in this protocol will not prevent a newborn from receiving any medication.

Concurrent Treatment:

Allowed:

• Blood and blood product transfusions.
• Gamma globulin as prophylaxis against infection with varicella virus and hepatitis virus, or RhoGAM in case of maternal-fetal incompatibility.

Risk Behavior:

Allowed:

• Illicit drug use.

Patients must be:

• In their third trimester of pregnancy, or join the study with their newborn children.
• Willing and able to sign informed consent.
• Available for follow-up for at least 3 months.
• The child should be available for follow-up for at least 1 year after delivery, and preferably longer.

Exclusion Criteria

Co-existing Condition:

Patients with the following conditions or symptoms are excluded:

• Medical complications including, but not limited to, insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), hypertensive disorders such as severe pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, chronic hypertension, cardiovascular disease including rheumatic or congenital heart disease, collagen vascular disease, endocarditis, and renal disease.
• Hematological conditions including, but not limited to, hemoglobinopathies, coagulopathy, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), and maternal-fetal blood incompatibilities with isoimmunization (e.g., Rh-negative mother with a positive indirect Coomb's test at any time during this pregnancy).
• Neurological disease(s) including seizure disorders.
• Bronchopulmonary diseases, such as severe asthma.
• Evidence of fetal intolerance of the intrauterine environment.

Concurrent Medication:

Excluded:

• Antiretroviral agents:
• Suramin, ribavirin, HPA23, phosphonoformate, ansamycin, zidovudine (AZT), didanosine (ddI), or dideoxycytidine (ddC).
• Other antiviral drugs, including acyclovir or ganciclovir.
• Immunomodulating agents:
• Interleukin 2, interferons, thymic hormones, or other agents.
• Cytolytic chemotherapeutic agents.
• Corticosteroids.
• Immunoglobulin preparations.

Concurrent Treatment:

Excluded:

• Radiation therapy.
• Regular administration of gamma globulin.

Patients with the following are excluded:

• Serious medical or surgical complication of the pregnancy and/or delivery that required treatment during delivery or that might compromise the health of the mother or fetus.

Any HIV-related complications requiring antiretroviral therapy during the pregnancy, including encephalopathy and opportunistic infections.

• Systemic infection requiring IV therapy in the month prior to enrollment in this study (IV treatment for pyelonephritis is permitted).

Prior Medication:

Excluded:

• Recombinant CD4 immunoglobulin G (rCD4-IgG).

Excluded within 4 weeks of study entry:

• Antiretroviral agents:
• Suramin, ribavirin, HPA23, phosphonoformate, ansamycin, zidovudine (AZT), didanosine (ddI), or dideoxycytidine (ddC).
• Other antiviral drugs, including acyclovir or ganciclovir.
• Immunomodulating agents:
• Interleukin 2, interferons, thymic hormones, or other agents.
• Cytolytic chemotherapeutic agents.
• Corticosteroids.
• Immunoglobulin preparations.

Prior Treatment:

Excluded within 4 weeks of study entry:

• Radiation therapy.

History of poor medical compliance (at the discretion of the investigator). Current illicit drug use.