Comparison of the Protective Effect of Desflurane and Propofol in Patients With Renal Transplantation

• BUN(Blood Urea Nitrogen) [ Time Frame: 1 hour after surgery ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  The primary outcome of our study is to find out whether, according to donors' anesthetics (desflurane or propofol), there is a difference in grafted kidney function postoperatively.
• Cr density [ Time Frame: 1 hour after surgery ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  The primary outcome of our study is to find out whether, according to donors' anesthetics (desflurane or propofol), there is a difference in grafted kidney function postoperatively.
• estimated GFR(Glomerular Filtration Ratio) [ Time Frame: 1 hour after surgery ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  The primary outcome of our study is to find out whether, according to donors' anesthetics (desflurane or propofol), there is a difference in grafted kidney function postoperatively.
• urine output to check the the degree of protection for renal function [ Time Frame: 1 hour after surgery ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  The primary outcome of our study is to find out whether, according to donors' anesthetics (desflurane or propofol), there is a difference in grafted kidney function postoperatively.

Ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury is the major cause of early renal dysfunction and acute renal failure of the transplanted kidney after renal transplantation. In 1986, Murry et al. described the phenomenon "ischemic preconditioning". Also, it was reported that a few non-ischemic stimuli could provide cellular tolerance against major ischemia through a mechanism similar to ischemic preconditioning. In an animal study, 1 minimal alveolar concentration of volatile anesthetics - a clinically relevant concentration - was reported to have a protective effect against ischemia/reperfusion injury, the effect being variable between types of anesthetics. Also, there were somm reports that intravenous anesthetics such as propofol could reduce IR injury by decreasing oxidative stress and apoptosis.

By reducing the ischemia/reperfusion injury of the grafted kidney, the morbidity and mortality related to renal transplantation can be reduced as well. The objective of this study is to find out whether, according to the type of anesthetics (Desflurane vs. Propofol), there is a difference in the protective effect against ischemia/reperfusion injury of the grafted kidney in patients receiving renal transplantation.

• Healthy
• End Stage Renal Disease

• Drug: Desflurane
  In Desflurane group, donors and their recipients will be anesthetized with desflurane and remifentanil. In contrast, in Propofol group, donors will be anesthetized with Propofol and remifentanil and recipients will be anesthetized with desflurane and remifentanil.
• Drug: Propofol
  In Desflurane group, donors and their recipients will be anesthetized with desflurane and remifentanil. In contrast, in Propofol group, donors will be anesthetized with Propofol and remifentanil and recipients will be anesthetized with desflurane and remifentanil.

• Experimental: Propofol group
  Intervention: Drug: Propofol
• Active Comparator: Desflurane group
  Intervention: Drug: Desflurane

Inclusion Criteria:

• healthy kidney donors and their recipients of renal transplantation.

Exclusion Criteria:

• a donor that has any medical or surgical history,
• a recipient that is scheduled to have any other surgery with renal transplantation surgery.