Combination Chemotherapy and Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplant Followed By Aldesleukin and Sargramostim in Treating Patients With Inflammatory Stage IIIB or Metastatic Stage IV Breast Cancer

• Overall survival [ Time Frame: 2 years ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
• Toxicity rate [ Time Frame: After every 10th patient is treated with IL-2/GM-CSF ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]

This phase II trial studies how well giving combination chemotherapy and peripheral blood stem cell transplant followed by aldesleukin and sargramostim works in treating patients with inflammatory stage IIIB or metastatic stage IV breast cancer. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as busulfan, melphalan, and thiotepa, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing. A peripheral stem cell transplant may be able to replace blood-forming cells that were destroyed by chemotherapy. This may allow more chemotherapy to be given so that more tumor cells are killed. Aldesleukin may stimulate the white blood cells to kill breast cancer cells. Giving aldesleukin together with sargramostim may kill more tumor cells

PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To determine the event-free survival and survival of patients treated for inflammatory (Stage IIIb) and responsive stage IV breast cancer with BUMELTT and PBSC support and low dose immunotherapy with IL2 and GM-CSF.

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:

II. To determine the toxicity of a combination of low-dose IL-2 and GM-CSF in patients following HDC with BUMELTT and PBSC support.

OUTLINE:

PREPARATIVE REGIMEN: Patients receive busulfan orally (PO) once every 6 hours on days -8, -7, and -6; melphalan IV over 30 minutes on days -5 and -4; and thiotepa IV over 2 hours on days -3 and -2.

TRANSPLANTATION: Patients undergo autologous peripheral blood stem cell infusion on day 0.

POST-TRANSPLANT THERAPY: All patients receive tamoxifen citrate* PO once daily beginning prior to aldesleukin (IL-2) and sargramostim (GM-CSF) therapy and continuing for 5 years or until relapse (estrogen receptor [ER]- or progesterone receptor [PR]-positive patients) OR until completion of IL-2/GM-CSF therapy (ER-negative or PR-negative patients). Eligible patients receive IL-2 subcutaneously (SC) daily and GM-CSF SC 3 times weekly for 12 weeks beginning 30-100 days after transplantation. Patients may receive radiotherapy after completion of IL-2/GM-CSF treatment if no prior radiotherapy was given before transplantation.

*Stage IV patients not receiving IL-2/GM-CSF therapy who received tamoxifen citrate as part of adjuvant therapy and subsequently failed, receive oral anastrozole once daily for 5 years or until progression instead of tamoxifen.

[*For postmenopausal patients, the choice and duration of hormonal therapy given in addition to or an alternative to tamoxifen therapy will be at the physician's discretion]

Patients are followed up every 3 months for 2 years, every 6 months for 3 years, and then annually thereafter.

• Estrogen Receptor-negative Breast Cancer
• Estrogen Receptor-positive Breast Cancer
• Inflammatory Breast Cancer
• Male Breast Cancer
• Progesterone Receptor-negative Breast Cancer
• Progesterone Receptor-positive Breast Cancer
• Stage IIIB Breast Cancer
• Stage IV Breast Cancer

• Drug: tamoxifen citrate
  Given orally
  Other Names:

  • Nolvadex
  • TAM
  • tamoxifen
  • TMX
• Drug: busulfan
  Given orally
  Other Names:

  • BSF
  • BU
  • Misulfan
  • Mitosan
  • Myeloleukon
• Drug: thiotepa
  Given IV
  Other Names:

  • Oncotiotepa
  • STEPA
  • TESPA
  • Tespamin
  • TSPA
• Drug: melphalan
  Given IV
  Other Names:

  • Alkeran
  • CB-3025
  • L-PAM
  • L-phenylalanine mustard
  • L-Sarcolysin
• Biological: aldesleukin
  Given SC
  Other Names:

  • IL-2
  • Proleukin
  • recombinant human interleukin-2
  • recombinant interleukin-2
• Biological: sargramostim
  Given SC
  Other Names:

  • GM-CSF
  • Leukine
  • Prokine
• Procedure: peripheral blood stem cell transplantation
  Undergo autologous peripheral blood stem cell infusion
  Other Names:

  • PBPC transplantation
  • PBSC transplantation
  • peripheral blood progenitor cell transplantation
  • transplantation, peripheral blood stem cell
• Radiation: radiation therapy
  May undergo radiotherapy after completion of IL-2/GM-CSF
  Other Names:

  • irradiation
  • radiotherapy
  • therapy, radiation

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients with inflammatory (stage IIIb) or responsive stage IV breast cancer with metastasis to soft tissue and/or bone; responsive stage IV disease is defined as patients who achieve a PR (>= 50% reduction in measurable tumor burden) or CR following initial chemotherapy for metastatic disease or patients with locally recurrent disease (chest wall/axillary nodes) who are rendered disease-free following surgery or radiation therapy without receiving chemotherapy; bone disease is categorized as responsive if there is demonstrated sclerosis of prior lesions with no new lesions
• Patients should have received 4-7 cycles of an Adriamycin and/or taxane-based regimen for stage IIIb or stage IV disease; locally recurrent (chest wall/axillary nodes) patients rendered NED by RT or surgery do not need to receive chemotherapy for stage IV disease prior to Cytoxan/Taxol
• Patient has received Cytoxan 4 gm/m^2 x 1 and Taxol 250 mg/m^2 x 1 per FHCRC protocol 506.03; Cytoxan/Taxol must be given after all other chemotherapy is completed and before transplant
• Stem cells were collected after mobilization with Cytoxan/Taxol or after mobilization from an FHCRC approved cytokine protocol; if syngeneic collection, PBSC's were collected by using G-CSF according to FHCRC protocol 753; patient has an adequate number of peripheral blood stem cells stored (>= 2.5 x 10^6 CD34+ cells/kg)
• The patient must have the capacity to give informed consent; the patient must have signed an approved consent form conforming with federal and institutional guidelines
• Hepatic function: Bilirubin =< 2 mg%; SGOT or SGPT =< 2.5 x institutional normal
• Renal function: Creatinine =< 2.0 mg/dl or a creatinine clearance >= 50 mg/min
• Pre-Study tests have been performed as outlined in the Study Calendar
• Patients will begin IL-2/GM-CSF therapy if they meet the following criteria post-transplant:
• Can start therapy 30 to 100 days after transplant
• Karnofsky performance status > 60
• ANC > 1,000 cells/mm^3 and platelets > 30,000/cells/mm^3 (transfusion independent) for at least 5 days before starting therapy
• Total bilirubin =< 2.5 x upper limit of normal
• SGOT =< 2.5 x upper limit of normal
• Creatinine =< 2.0 mg/dl

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients with a Karnofsky Performance Score less than 70
• Patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction less than 50 % (LVEF must be performed in patients with symptoms of CHF, abnormal cardiac exam or history of Adriamycin therapy total dose > 400 mg/m^2)
• Patient is pregnant
• Patient is seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus
• Patients with a history of seizures
• Patients with hypersensitivity to E.coli preparations
• Patients with active auto-immune disease
• Patients with clinically significant pulmonary disease, i.e., diffusion capacity corrected < 60% of predicted; patients with pulmonary problems should be evaluated with appropriate pulmonary studies and/or consult
• Patients with a history of CNS lesion (brain or carcinoid meningitis)
• Patients with significant active infection precluding transplant
• Patients who have had more than one prior chemotherapy regimen for stage IV disease or a prior transplant for any stage disease
• Patients who have had CD34+ selection of their PBSC products
• Patients will not receive IL-2/GM-CSF therapy if they:
• Are > 100 days from transplant
• Have documented disease progression after transplant
• Have an active infection
• Manifested cardiac complications during the initial transplant period, including arrhythmias (that required therapy), congestive heart failure, angina, myocardial infarct, or decreased LVEF to < 45%
• Currently have pericardial effusions, pleural effusions or ascites
• Manifested pulmonary toxicity during the initial transplant period and have a diffusion capacity corrected =< 60%
• Are on steroids
• Currently have a Grade 3 toxicity from BuMelTT
• If the patient does not wish to receive the therapy