Ketamine in the Treatment of Suicidal Depression
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Purpose
This study is designed to compare the effectiveness of two medications, Ketamine and Midazolam, for rapidly relieving suicidal thoughts in people suffering from depression.
The first drug, Ketamine, is an experimental antidepressant that early studies have shown may quickly reduce suicidal thoughts, but we are not sure how well it may work. Midazolam, the comparison drug, is not thought to reduce depression or suicidal thoughts.
| Condition | Intervention | Phase |
|---|---|---|
|
Major Depressive Disorder Suicidal Ideation |
Drug: Ketamine Drug: Midazolam |
Phase 4 |
| Study Type: | Interventional |
| Study Design: | Allocation: Randomized Endpoint Classification: Efficacy Study Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment Masking: Double Blind (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor) Primary Purpose: Treatment |
| Official Title: | Ketamine vs. Midazolam: Testing Rapid Relief of Suicide Risk in Depression |
- Reduction of suicidal ideation [ Time Frame: At 24 hours post-Infusion ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]Reduction of suicidal ideation in depressed patients with moderate to severe suicidal thoughts from the pre-infusion baseline to 24 hours after the infusion with ketamine or midazolam, a sedative not known to reduce suicidal ideation.
- Effects on saliva stress hormone (cortisol) [ Time Frame: 24 hours post-infusion ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]Effects on levels of the stress hormone cortisol in saliva from before to 24 hours after the infusion.
- Neuropsychological effects [ Time Frame: 24 hours post-infusion ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]Effects of the infusion on neuropsychological variables including decision-making and memory.
| Estimated Enrollment: | 70 |
| Study Start Date: | June 2012 |
| Estimated Study Completion Date: | June 2017 |
| Estimated Primary Completion Date: | June 2017 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure) |
| Arms | Assigned Interventions |
|---|---|
|
Active Comparator: Midazolam
0.02 mg/kg, I.V. (in the vein)
|
Drug: Midazolam
Single dose of 0.02 mg/kg of Midazolam given intravenously (in the vein) over 40 minutes
Other Name: Midazolam Injection
|
|
Active Comparator: Ketamine
0.5 mg/kg, I.V. (in the vein)
|
Drug: Ketamine
Single dose of 0.5 mg/kg of ketamine given intravenously (in the vein) over 40 minutes
Other Names:
|
Detailed Description:
Patients currently taking psychiatric medications may continue them during the study. However, if a patient is taking a benzodiazepine (such as Ativan, Klonopin, or Xanax), they will be able to take up to 2mg per day of Lorazepam during the week before the infusion, but none will be permitted in the 24 hours pre-infusion. Also, Zolpidem (Ambien) will not be permitted in the 24 hours pre-infusion. If a person chooses to participate, their dose of benzodiazepine may need to be reduced so that they can do without it during the 24 hours pre-infusion.
Depressed participants are randomly assigned to receive a single dose of Ketamine(0.5 mg/kg) or Midazolam (0.02 mg/kg), which is given slowly, in a vein, over about 40 minutes. The study is "double-blind," meaning patients and study staff will not know which medication is in the infusion.
If a patient does not respond to the first infusion, and s/he received Midazolam, then s/he will be offered the option of a second infusion, this time with Ketamine (0.5 mg/kg). S/he will then start treatment with a standard antidepressant, unless s/he is not already taking one.
After the infusion(s), participants will have weekly research interviews for 6 weeks to monitor response.
If a patient does have a sufficient infusion response, and s/he is not already taking an antidepressant, then s/he will receive 6-weeks antidepressant research treatment with Sertraline, Fluoxetine, Paroxetine, or Escitalopram, followed by open clinical treatment. However, if s/he is already taking an antidepressant, then s/he will receive open treatment. If s/he does not have a sufficient infusion response, then s/he will receive open treatment.
Participation in this study requires a brief inpatient stay, at no cost, at the New York State Psychiatric Institute (NYSPI).
Eligible participants enrolled in this study will be offered medication management visits at no cost for a total of up to 6 months from the date of enrollment combining inpatient and outpatient treatment. Study medications (Sertraline, Fluoxetine, Paroxetine, Escitalopram, Lorazepam, Zolpidem) will be at no cost during the 6 months. The study will not provide other medications at no cost.
Eligibility| Ages Eligible for Study: | 18 Years to 65 Years |
| Genders Eligible for Study: | Both |
| Accepts Healthy Volunteers: | No |
INCLUSION CRITERIA:
- Unipolar depression with current major depressive episode (MDE). Participants may be psychiatric medication-free, or if on psychiatric medication, not responding adequately given current MDE with suicidal ideation (See 2).
- Moderate to severe suicidal ideation
- 18-65 years old
- Participants must agree to a voluntary admission to an inpatient research unit at the New York State Psychiatric Institute (NYSPI)for the infusion(s), for a brief stay, or longer if clinically necessary.
- Pre-menopausal female participants of child-bearing potential must be willing to use an acceptable form of birth control during study participation such as condoms, diaphragm, or oral contraceptive pills.
- Able to provide informed consent
- Participants 61-65 years old must score a 25 or higher on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) at screening.
EXCLUSION CRITERIA:
- Unstable medical condition or neurological illness, including baseline hypertension (BP>140/90) or significant history of cardiovascular illness.
- Significant ECG abnormality
- Pregnant or lactating
- Diagnosis of bipolar disorder or psychotic disorder
- Contraindication to any study treatment.
- Inadequate understanding of English.
- Prior ineffective trial of or adverse reaction to Ketamine or Midazolam.
- Participants who have never received medication treatment for depression.
- Opiate use greater than total daily dose of 20mg Oxycodone or equivalent during the 3 days pre-infusion.
- A diagnosis of sleep apnea.
Contacts and Locations| Contact: Gabriella M. Denker, M.A. | 212-543-6708 | gmd2121@columbia.edu |
| United States, New York | |
| Columbia University/New York State Psychiatric Institute | Recruiting |
| New York, New York, United States, 10032 | |
| Contact: Gabriella M. Denker, M.A. 212-543-6708 gmd2121@columbia.edu | |
| Principal Investigator: Michael F. Grunebaum, M.D. | |
| Principal Investigator: | Michael F. Grunebaum, M.D. | Columbia University/New York State Psychiatric Institute |
More Information
Additional Information:
No publications provided
| Responsible Party: | New York State Psychiatric Institute |
| ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT01700829 History of Changes |
| Other Study ID Numbers: | #6598, R01MH096784 |
| Study First Received: | October 2, 2012 |
| Last Updated: | May 14, 2013 |
| Health Authority: | United States: Federal Government United States: Institutional Review Board |
Keywords provided by New York State Psychiatric Institute:
|
Ketamine Midazolam Major Depressive Disorder Suicidal ideation |
Suicide Depression Treatment Ketamine Treatment |
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
|
Depression Depressive Disorder Depressive Disorder, Major Suicidal Ideation Behavioral Symptoms Mood Disorders Mental Disorders Suicide Self-Injurious Behavior Ketamine Midazolam Anesthetics, Dissociative Anesthetics, Intravenous Anesthetics, General Anesthetics |
Central Nervous System Depressants Physiological Effects of Drugs Pharmacologic Actions Central Nervous System Agents Therapeutic Uses Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists Excitatory Amino Acid Agents Neurotransmitter Agents Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action Analgesics Sensory System Agents Peripheral Nervous System Agents Adjuvants, Anesthesia Anti-Anxiety Agents Tranquilizing Agents |
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on May 23, 2013