Carvedilol for Prevention of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation
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Purpose
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained heart rhythm disorder and is associated with significant symptoms and health problems including an increased risk of stroke and death. Current drug therapies are often ineffective and associated with significant side effects. Abnormalities of calcium regulation in cells may lead to triggers for AF. Emerging data suggest that abnormal intracellular calcium regulation mediated through the ryanodine receptor in heart cells may contribute to AF. Recently the investigators have shown that the β-blocker carvedilol which is most commonly used to treat patients with heart failure, modifies calcium regulation mediated through the ryanodine receptor. At present this drug is not frequently used to treat AF. Therefore the investigators will conduct a randomized trial comparing carvedilol to metoprolol for prevention of paroxysmal AF. This may result in improved health and quality of life for people who suffer AF.
| Condition | Intervention |
|---|---|
|
Atrial Fibrillation |
Drug: Carvedilol Drug: Metoprolol |
| Study Type: | Interventional |
| Study Design: | Allocation: Randomized Endpoint Classification: Efficacy Study Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment Masking: Single Blind (Outcomes Assessor) Primary Purpose: Treatment |
| Official Title: | Carvedilol for Prevention of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation |
- Event-free survival to first detected AF after the one month blanking period for dose titration [ Time Frame: 1 year ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]Time to first AF detected by event recorder transmission will be determined.
- Days in Detected AF [ Time Frame: 1 year ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]The number of days in which AF was detected by event recorder transmisions will be documented
- number of Emergency room visits/hospitalizations for cardiovascular causes [ Time Frame: 1 year ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]Subjects will be questioned via telephone interview or clinic visit every 3 months and appropriate hospital recorders retrieved for confirmation of event.
- Proportion of patients who develop persistent AF [ Time Frame: 1 year ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
- Days in symptomatic AF/Time between successive PAF episodes [ Time Frame: 1 year ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]The days in which patients report symptomatic AF confirmed by event recorder transmission will be determined and the time interval between successive events will be determined.
- AF Severity Scale [ Time Frame: 1 year ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]Measured via University of Toronto AF Severity Scale at baseline and at end of study or study exit
- Adverse effects of assigned therapy [ Time Frame: 1 year ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]Adverse effects thought to be related to drug therapy will be documented as well as number of patients in whom drug is discontined because of adverse events.
- Ventricular rate during AF [ Time Frame: 1 year ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]Ventricular rate during AF will be measured from the event recorder tracings - from 10 sec of recording
- CCS AF Symptom Score [ Time Frame: 1 yr ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
This will be determined from interview at baseline and each follow-up visit. The CCS AF symptom score is a 5 point score from 0 to 4.
CCS-SAF Class Definitions
Class 0 Asymptomatic with respect to AF Class 1 Symptoms attributable to AF have minimal effect on patient's general QOL.
Class 2 Symptoms attributable to AF have a minor effect on patient's general QOL.
Class 3 Symptoms attributable to AF have a moderate effect on patient's general QOL.
Class 4 Symptoms attributable to AF have a severe effect on patient's general QOL.
| Estimated Enrollment: | 300 |
| Study Start Date: | May 2012 |
| Estimated Study Completion Date: | June 2017 |
| Estimated Primary Completion Date: | June 2017 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure) |
| Arms | Assigned Interventions |
|---|---|
| Active Comparator: Metoprolol |
Drug: Metoprolol
titrated to 50 mg po bid as tolerated over a 1 month period
Other Name: Lopressor
|
| Active Comparator: Carvedilol |
Drug: Carvedilol
6.25 po bid titrated to 25 mg bid as tolerated over a 1 month period
Other Name: Coreg
|
Detailed Description:
The study population will consist of patients with electrocardiographically documented symptomatic paroxysmal AF (≥ 2 episodes of ≥ 15 min duration within a six month period) while on stable antiarrhythmic drug therapy. Patients will be excluded if they have AF due to a reversible cause, persistent AF, significant heart failure or a life expectancy of less than one year. Eligible patients will be randomized to carvedilol or metoprolol and followed for 13 months. Randomization will be stratified based on the AF management strategy (rate or rhythm control). Carvedilol and metoprolol will be initiated over a one month drug titration period to achieve doses of 25mg bid and 50 mg bid respectively. AF occurrence will be documented using event recorders. The co-primary outcome measures are survival free from AF after one month blanking period for drug titration and the number of days in AF detected during follow-up. Secondary outcomes include event free survival to first symptomatic episode of AF, days in symptomatic AF, time between first and second episodes of AF, proportion of patients who develop persistent AF, AF Severity Scale, CCS-AF symptom score, ventricular rate during AF, proportion of patients with discontinuation of the assigned therapy and number of emergency department visits or hospitalizations for cardiovascular causes. Adverse effects and need to discontinue carvedilol or metoprolol will be documented. This study will determine whether carvedilol is safe and effective for prevention of recurrent paroxysmal AF in a general population with AF. Data will be analyzed on an intention to treat basis. Three hundred patients will be recruited over 4 years. The sample size is based on an estimated 20% reduction in event free survival from AF (power 0.90, α = 0.05). Patients will be recruited from our AF clinic population which averages 50 new referrals per month and over 2500 referrals since it's' inception in 2005.
Eligibility| Ages Eligible for Study: | 18 Years to 90 Years |
| Genders Eligible for Study: | Both |
| Accepts Healthy Volunteers: | Yes |
Inclusion Criteria:
- Must be in sinus rhythm at enrollment
- ECG documented symptomatic PAF (> 2 episodes of > 15minutes duration over a 6 month period)
Exclusion Criteria:
- AF due to reversible causes
- Contraindication or previous significant adverse reaction to Beta blocker therapy
- Persistent AF
- NYHA Class II or greater CHF
- LVEF < or = 35%
- Life expectancy < 1 year
- Geographic isolation
- Unable to give informed consent
Contacts and Locations| Canada, Alberta | |
| University of Calgary | |
| Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2N 4Z6 | |
| Principal Investigator: | Anne M Gillis, M.D. | Professor of Medicine |
More Information
No publications provided
| Responsible Party: | Dr. Anne M. Gillis, Professor of Medicine, University of Calgary |
| ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT01608893 History of Changes |
| Other Study ID Numbers: | Carvedilol for PAF |
| Study First Received: | May 28, 2012 |
| Last Updated: | May 30, 2012 |
| Health Authority: | Canada: Ethics Review Committee |
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
|
Atrial Fibrillation Arrhythmias, Cardiac Heart Diseases Cardiovascular Diseases Pathologic Processes Metoprolol Carvedilol Metoprolol succinate Anti-Arrhythmia Agents Cardiovascular Agents Therapeutic Uses Pharmacologic Actions Antihypertensive Agents |
Sympatholytics Autonomic Agents Peripheral Nervous System Agents Physiological Effects of Drugs Adrenergic beta-1 Receptor Antagonists Adrenergic beta-Antagonists Adrenergic Antagonists Adrenergic Agents Neurotransmitter Agents Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action Vasodilator Agents Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists |
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on May 16, 2013