Phase III Trial of Primary Radio- or Chemotherapy in Malignant Astrocytoma of the Elderly (Methusalem)

• Overall survival [ Time Frame: 12 months ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  The primary endpoint was overall survival, measured in days from surgery to death for any reason. Patients alive at the day of the last contact were censored.
  
  

• Event-free survival [ Time Frame: 12 months ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]
  Secondary efficacy end points included EFS. EFS was defined as time from surgery to first progression for patients with progression respectively to death for patients without progression. Patients without progression or death were censored at the day of the last contact. Univariate analysis of OS and EFS used Kaplan-Meier estimates21 and a Cox proportional hazard model for evaluating Hazard Ratios (HR) with 95%-confidence intervals and median OS and EFS with 95%-confidence intervals (CI).
  
  
• Best response [ Time Frame: Within the first 8 months after surgery ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  Response is assessed according MacDonald Criteria based on regular 3-monthly MRI.
  
  
• Molecular prognostic or predictive biomarkers [ Time Frame: At 12 months ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  Tumor tissue, fresh or paraffine-embedded, or DNA/RNA/proteins from tissue are analyzed for the status of known molecular parameters, e.g. MGMT, for a prognostic or predictive role. Further, newly discovered molecular parameters are assessed for their potential to predict outcome.
  
  

This study is a prospective, randomized Phase III intervention study. Following histological documentation of the diagnosis by biopsy or resection of an anaplastic astrocytoma or glioblastoma, patients will be randomized either to receive postoperative extended-field radiotherapy (arm A) or to receive postoperative chemotherapy with temozolomide (arm B). Randomization will be done for all sites at the CRO, Alcedis GmbH.

For patients intending to participate in the study, the procedure is as follows:

• Request a reference neuropathological review from the brain tumor reference center in Bonn (Prof. Dr. G. Reifenberger) through the local neuropathology department. This review need not be present at randomization because anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma cases are eligible
• Contact: Prof. Dr. W. Wick, Dep. Neurooncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases and Neurology Clinic, University of Heidelberg, wolfgang.wick@med.uni-heidelberg.de or CRO: Alcedis, Giessen at Alcedis GmbH, I. Helm, Winchester Str. 2, 35394 Gießen, Tel.: 0641 944360, Fax: 0641 94436 70, E-mail: ihe@alcedis.de
• Provide written confirmation that the patient signed the ethics committee-approved consent form
• Submit the registration form and a copy of the EORTC-QLQ given in Annexes

In subjects with progressive or recurrent disease, the investigating site will verify whether specific tumor treatment is justified. If yes, chemotherapy with temozolomide is recommended in arm A, possibly after further surgery. Subjects in arm B will receive radiotherapy, possible after further surgery. As all-cause mortality is the primary endpoint, all therapeutic measures following first-line therapy should be documented.

If study treatment is discontinued (first-line therapy) because of progressive disease or if progression occurs after completion of study treatment, the pertinent images should be submitted to the reference center for neuroradiology in Tübingen for reference review.

The treatment modalities employed in the study are chemotherapeutic and radiotherapeutic procedures licensed in the Federal Republic of Germany for use in human subjects. Temozolomide is currently licensed for treating subjects with recurrent disease and since 2006 in newly diagnosed glioblastoma together with radiotherapy. The time allotted for the individual treatment sections is 6 weeks for radiotherapy, while chemotherapy will be continued until progression or unacceptable adverse effects occur. The precise chemotherapy sequence is shown in the protocol. The criteria for withdrawal from the study are defined in in the protocol. Four years is the period scheduled for recruiting all patients.