Propofol vs. Midazolam-based Balanced Propofol for Nonanesthesiologist Moderate Sedation in Colonoscopy (MIDAPROP)
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Purpose
Nonanesthesiologist administration of propofol for sedation is actually a field of growing interest for endoscopists, as demonstrated by recent American and European guidelines on this issue. Propofol is a hypnotic drug with rapid onset and offset of action. Used as a single agent, it is commonly titrated to deep sedation, whereas balanced propofol sedation (BPS), which combines propofol with small doses of a benzodiazepine and/or an opioid, can be successfully titrated to moderate sedation. However, nonanesthesiologists propofol administration remains controversial on account of the possibility of deep sedation/general anesthesia related adverse events. On the other hand, the use of longer elimination half-life drugs, such as opioids and benzodiazepines, may theoretically prolong sedation and recovery.
Up to date, no study has addressed a head-to-head comparison of both regimens administered by non-anesthesiologists and titrated to moderate sedation.
This study aims to evaluate the impact on propofol sedation of premedication with a fixed dose of midazolam (2 mg)2 minutes before propofol administration targeted to moderate sedation, in terms of depth of sedation, recovery times, safety and satisfaction.
The onset of sedative action of midazolam has been reported to be 1-2.5 minutes and the peak effect of midazolam occurs 8-12 minutes. Taking into account that colonoscopy usually lasts a minimum of 15-20 minutes, our hypothesis is that synergy between propofol and midazolam may increase the depth of sedation through the initial phases of the procedure, diminishing propofol requirements, but not prolonging significantly recovery times.
| Condition | Intervention | Phase |
|---|---|---|
|
Drug Safety |
Drug: Midazolam Drug: Propofol |
Phase 4 |
| Study Type: | Interventional |
| Study Design: | Allocation: Randomized Endpoint Classification: Safety/Efficacy Study Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment Masking: Double Blind (Subject, Caregiver) Primary Purpose: Treatment |
| Official Title: | Phase 4, Prospective, Randomized, Double-blinded, Placebo-controlled Study Comparing Propofol vs. Midazolam Plus Propofol for Nonanesthesiologist Targeted Moderate Sedation in Outpatient Colonoscopy |
- Level of sedation throughout the entire procedure [ Time Frame: 3 months ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
- Duration of recovery after the endoscopic procedure [ Time Frame: 3 months ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
- Rate of sedation-related complications during the procedure and the recovery phases [ Time Frame: 3 months ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
- Rate of patients and physician satisfaction with sedation [ Time Frame: 3 months ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
| Enrollment: | 135 |
| Study Start Date: | June 2011 |
| Study Completion Date: | December 2011 |
| Primary Completion Date: | October 2011 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure) |
| Arms | Assigned Interventions |
|---|---|
| Active Comparator: Midazolam balanced propofol sedation |
Drug: Midazolam
Midazolam (5 mg/5 mL) 2 mg before standard propofol induction (0.5-1.5 mg/Kg) and boluses-based sedation during colonoscopy, targeted to a moderate sedation level
|
| Placebo Comparator: Single-agent propofol sedation |
Drug: Propofol
Placebo (normal saline 2 ml) before standard propofol induction (0.5-1.5 mg/Kg) and boluses-based sedation during colonoscopy, targeted to a moderate sedation level
|
Detailed Description:
Justification of the study:
Nonanesthesiologist administration of propofol is controversial owing to deep sedation concerns. One of the latest therapeutic innovations on this issue has been the development of balanced propofol sedation, which consists of adding low doses of opioids or benzodiazepins. Several studies have recently demonstrated that BPS allows successfully moderate sedation, maintains a reversible drug component, reduces the total dose of propofol even by more than 50% without increasing adverse events and maintains high levels of physician and patient satisfaction, even for advanced endoscopic procedure. However, recovery may be prolonged by using midazolam or meperidine as they have a longer elimination half-life than propofol has.
Up to date, nonanesthesiologist administration of propofol and BPS, using either midazolam or fentanyl, for outpatient colonoscopy have been compared in a single non-placebo controlled randomized trial (VanNatta and Rex, 2006). In this study, the authors obtained shorter recovery times with BPS compared to propofol alone, in contrast with the expected on account of pharmacokinetics. These results can be easily understood yet single-agent propofol was titrated to deep sedation, whereas BPS was titrated to moderate sedation.
Therefore, it is necessary to make a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial to directly compare both sedation regimens targeted to a similar moderate level of sedation. The results of this study will conclude which should be the first line treatment for moderate sedation in colonoscopy, providing further insight in drug synergy and its impact on the depth of sedation and recovery times
Eligibility| Ages Eligible for Study: | 18 Years and older |
| Genders Eligible for Study: | Both |
| Accepts Healthy Volunteers: | No |
Inclusion Criteria:
- All patients undergoing elective outpatient colonoscopy
Exclusion Criteria:
- Age less than 18 years
- Allergy to propofol, soybeans, eggs or midazolam
- Chronic intake of benzodiazepines
- History of colorectal surgery
- ASA class IV, short and tick neck, difficult intubation due to inability to open the mouth widely
- Pregnancy
- Refusal, inability or unwillingness to give written consent
- Patients scheduled for advanced therapeutic colonoscopy or for more than one endoscopic procedure
Contacts and Locations| Spain | |
| Hospital San Pedro de Alcantara | |
| Caceres, Spain, 10003 | |
| Principal Investigator: | Javier Molina-Infante, MD | Hospital San Pedro de Alcantara, Caceres, Spain |
More Information
Publications:
Additional publications automatically indexed to this study by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number):
| Responsible Party: | Javier Molina-Infante, MD, Medical Doctor, Infante, Javier Molina, M.D. |
| ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT01428882 History of Changes |
| Other Study ID Numbers: | MIDP11 |
| Study First Received: | September 2, 2011 |
| Last Updated: | December 15, 2011 |
| Health Authority: | Spain: Spanish Agency of Medicines |
Keywords provided by Infante, Javier Molina, M.D.:
|
Propofol Midazolam Moderate sedation Deep sedation Colonoscopy |
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
|
Midazolam Propofol Adjuvants, Anesthesia Central Nervous System Agents Therapeutic Uses Pharmacologic Actions Anti-Anxiety Agents Tranquilizing Agents Central Nervous System Depressants Physiological Effects of Drugs |
Psychotropic Drugs Hypnotics and Sedatives Anesthetics, Intravenous Anesthetics, General Anesthetics GABA Modulators GABA Agents Neurotransmitter Agents Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action |
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on May 23, 2013