Way to Health, Healthy Measures

• Rate of use of the three home-based technologies [ Time Frame: 3-months ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  We will analyze the proportion of days that home monitoring was completed (defined as successful reporting of data from all three devices - weight, blood pressure and blood sugar) compared to failure to report across all groups after the end of the 3-month intervention period.
  
  

• Usability and functionality of the study's online web portal, Way to Health, and wifi-enabled home health monitoring devices [ Time Frame: 6-months ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  We will ask participants to participate in a qualitative interview at the final study visit to assess the usability and functionality of the web portal and study devices for use during future studies.
  
  

While home monitoring of health appears to be a promising frontier in health care, patient adherence to, and utilization of, such devices is often low, limiting the potential benefit of this technology. Financial incentives have been effective in increasing rates of weight loss, smoking cessation, and medication adherence and therefore may increase rates of utilization of home-based health monitoring devices. Therefore, in this study, we test the effects of lottery-based incentives on use of home-based health monitoring technologies.

The aim of this pilot randomized controlled trial is to evaluate whether financial incentives delivered through a novel online platform can effectively increase use of home-based health monitoring technology among overweight adults with diabetes. Our primary objective is to assess the effects of financial incentives on the use of home health monitoring devices among high-risk patients. In addition, we have three secondary objectives: (1) obtain preliminary evidence regarding whether the monetary value of incentives has a differential effect on the use of home health monitoring devices; (2) identify potential barriers that prohibit regular use of home-based health devices using qualitative data; and (3) assess the usability of a newly developed web portal and its feasibility for future randomized clinical trials aimed at changing health-related behaviors.

Participants will be randomized into each of the following three arms: (1) Financial Incentive Group I; (2) Financial Incentive Group II; (3) Control Group. Incentives for Financial Groups I and II are designed in a way that builds on the success of previous incentive-based interventions for weight loss. Both lotteries are tailored to provide infrequent large payoffs and frequent small payoffs since lottery players are motivated by both the possibility of a large reward and the opportunity for regular, immediate rewards. The average expected payoff value of Financial Incentive Group I will be $2.80 per day and $1.40 per day in Financial Incentive Group II. The interventions will run for 91 days starting at randomization. At the end of the intervention time period, each participant will be notified that the intervention period has ended and the 90-day follow-up period has begun. During the follow-up period each participant will continue to upload measurements daily, but will not receive incentives or reminders.