The Study of Exenatide Action on Vessel Function in Type 2 Diabetes and Prediabetes

Inclusion Criteria:

• US Veterans
• type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) diagnosed within 3 years with good glycemic control on diet, metformin, or sulfonylurea agents or combinations of these agents (HbA1c ≤8.0%)
• T2D diagnosed ≥ 5 years prior to study enrollment
• Impaired glucose tolerance

Exclusion Criteria:

• T2D not meeting inclusion above criteria for duration of diabetes or HbA1c values
• known or suspected T1D (early onset age, low body mass index, lack of family history)
• TZD use in the prior 3 months
• prior regular use of insulin
• Creatinine >2.0 mg/dl or other laboratory or clinical evidence of kidney disease
• anemia
• known active liver disease or hepatic enzyme elevation two-and-a half times above normal
• acute bacterial or viral illness or evidence of other active infection in the past 4 weeks
• stable or unstable angina or other major illness in the past 6 months
• Raynaud's disease or any rheumatic disease affecting fingers
• current regular use of anti-inflammatory medications or antioxidants, including over the counter medications and high dose salicylates (>1 g/day);
• subjects receiving lipid lowering or anti-hypertension medications must be on stable doses for at least 2 months prior to participation.