Extended Management and Measurement of Autism (EMMA)

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Patients must have met the inclusion criteria for the preceding double-blind SOFIA Study, and must have completed at least 10 weeks of treatment in the 14 week SOFIA study or have withdrawn from the SOFIA study due to worsening of clinical symptoms (i.e. a CGI-I-AD of 6 or 7 which, in the Investigator's opinion, required alternative intervention except symptoms of activation which could not be ameliorated by reduction in dose).
2. Patients must have been free of fluoxetine and other SSRI's for 4 weeks prior to the first dose of open-label medication (washout).
3. Female patients who have reached menarche must have a negative pregnancy test at baseline and as required, in the opinion of the Investigator.
4. Females of childbearing potential must be using a medically accepted means of contraception not affected by fluoxetine treatment, or must remain abstinent for the duration of the study.
5. Patients must be able to follow the Investigator's instructions and be able to comply with visit requirements
6. Each Legally Authorized Representative (usually parent or guardian) must have a level of understanding sufficient to provide written informed consent to all required tests and procedures.
7. As required by the local or central IRB, the patient should assent to all required tests and procedures.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients who experienced a serious adverse event during the double-blind SOFIA Study which was determined to be related to the study medication by the Investigator or the sponsor
2. Patients who were unable to tolerate the lowest dose of study medication in the double-blind SOFIA study (2mg fluoxetine or placebo) should not be enrolled in this study
3. Diagnosis of Rett Syndrome, Childhood Disintegrative Disorder
4. Patients currently taking psychotropic medication are excluded. Patients can be enrolled in the study if the psychotropic medication has been completely withdrawn prior to the baseline visit; for at least two weeks for neuroleptics / atypical antipsychotics and for at least 5 days for stimulants
5. Patients exhibiting high levels of aggression, irritability or self injurious behavior to the extent that in the Investigator's opinion the patient would be more appropriately treated with psychotropic medication other than fluoxetine such as an atypical antipsychotic
6. Patients currently taking a monoamine oxidase inhibitor. Patients who have stopped taking an irreversible MAOI should be free of medication for at least 2 weeks prior to the baseline visit and medication free for at least one day after stopping a reversible MAOI A.
7. Patients with diabetes who are treated with insulin
8. Patients currently taking tramadol, triptans (e.g.sumatriptan), lithium, tryptophan, haloperidol, clozapine, flecainide or encainide, vinblastine, carbamazepine, tricyclic antidepressants, phenytoin or warfarin are also excluded from the study.
9. Current treatment with the herbal remedy, St John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum)
10. History of, or current cardiovascular, renal, hepatic, respiratory and particularly gastrointestinal disease which may interfere with the absorption, distribution, metabolism or excretion of the study medication.
11. History of, or current cerebrovascular disease or brain trauma.
12. History of, or current significant endocrine disorder, e.g. hypo or hyperthyroidism.
13. History of or current malignancy.
14. Presence of psychotic symptoms or lifetime history of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or other psychotic disorder, as assessed by the Investigator.
15. Judged clinically to be at risk of suicide (suicidal ideation, severe depression, or other factors), as assessed by the Investigator.
16. Current active seizure disorder
17. Tourette's Disorder.
18. Female patients who are either pregnant or nursing.
19. Documented history of hypersensitivity or intolerance to SSRIs
20. Current drug abuse or dependence disorder or dependency in the 3 months prior to the baseline visit.
21. Clinically significant abnormalities in safety laboratory tests or vital signs as measured at baseline (as applicable) that would put the patient at substantially increased risk from study medication