BK Viremia After Renal Transplantation
Recruitment status was Active, not recruiting
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Purpose
Hypothesis: Early detection, and treatment, of BK virus infection after kidney transplantation will prevent BK virus associated kidney transplant injury.
BK virus associated nephropathy (BKVN) is estimated to cause a progressive kidney transplant injury in 1-10% of renal transplant recipients. Diagnostic and monitoring strategies for BKVN is still being developed. Detectable virus in the blood by polymerase change reaction-test (PCR) is predictive of BKVN. Additionally, PCR provides a objective estimate of the degree of infection.
If early detection and treatment of BK virus infection is effective in preventing subsequent kidney transplant injury has not been studied. However, renal injury and dysfunction develops late in the natural course of BKVN and it seems likely that screening in combination with early treatment would be beneficial for long-term transplant survival.
There is no established treatment for BK virus infection. Nevertheless, in kidney transplanted patients diagnosed with BK virus infection, immunosuppression is reduced to allow the patients own immune system to handle the virus. However, reduction of immunosuppression has not been associated with rejection. This indicate that these patients were over-immunosuppressed, predisposing them to BKVN. Therefore, to compare the degree of immunosuppression in BKVN patients (over-immunosuppressed) to other patients (not over-immunosuppressed) could yield interesting information. One possibility would be to quantify these patients specific cellular immune response to BK virus but also to other viruses (T cell reactivity).
Leflunomide (Arava) is an immunosuppressive drug, approved for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, and has been used in more than 300,000 patients worldwide. Furthermore, leflunomide has been used safely in humans after clinical kidney and liver transplantation for more than 300 days. In addition to leflunomide's value in preventing rejection, it has been shown to exert inhibitory effects on different viruses. Recently published pilot studies suggest that leflunomide treatment of patients with BKVN significantly reduces the amount of BK virus in blood and prevents recurrence of kidney transplant injury. At Karolinska University Hospital, leflunomide has been used for treatment of BKVN and, in some of the patients, renal function has stabilized and BK virus load has decreased significantly.
| Condition | Intervention |
|---|---|
|
Terminal Renal Failure BK Virus Infection |
Drug: leflunomide |
| Study Type: | Interventional |
| Study Design: | Allocation: Non-Randomized Endpoint Classification: Efficacy Study Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment Masking: Open Label Primary Purpose: Treatment |
| Official Title: | BK Viremia After Renal Transplantation: Screening, Early Diagnosis, Early Reduction in Immunosuppression and Treatment With Leflunomide (Arava) |
- Renal function (serum creatinine) [ Time Frame: 1 year after diagnosis of BK viremia ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
- Incidence of BK virus associated nephropathy [ Time Frame: 1 year after diagnosis of BK viremia ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
| Estimated Enrollment: | 100 |
| Study Start Date: | May 2007 |
| Estimated Study Completion Date: | May 2009 |
| Estimated Primary Completion Date: | May 2009 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure) |
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Drug: leflunomide
- MMF / AZA withdrawal
CNI reduction
- Tacrolimus 5 ng/ml in serum
- Cyclosporin 100 ng/ml in serum
- Prednisolone to maintenance level
- Stable renal function (P-Krea)
- >50% reduction in PCR (copies/ml) at 4 weeks after diagnosis
- Negative PCR at > 3 months after diagnosis
- Deteriorating renal function (P-Krea) and positive PAD = BK nephropathy
- <50% reduction in PCR at 4 weeks after diagnosis
- Positive PCR at >3 months after diagnosis
- Starting at 20 mgx1 PO daily
- Thereafter adjusted between approximately 20-60 mgx1 PO daily according to serum levels of A77 1726 and the clinical situation a. Recommended level of A77 1726 >40 ug/ml
Screening: If BK viremia (BK PCR >10 000 copies/ml in serum) i. Reduced immunosuppression
If effective => continue
If failure => add leflunomide
Leflunomide dosing:
ii. Loading dose of 100 mgx1 PO daily for 5 days can be used or the patient can be directly started on iii. Maintenance dose (from day 1 or day 6)
Eligibility| Ages Eligible for Study: | 18 Years and older |
| Genders Eligible for Study: | Both |
| Accepts Healthy Volunteers: | No |
Inclusion Criteria:
- All adult patients undergoing kidney transplantation at Karolinska University Hospital
Exclusion Criteria:
- Absence of informed consent
- Allergy to leflunomide
- Pregnancy
Contacts and Locations| Sweden | |
| Karolinska University Hospital | |
| Stockholm, Sweden, 14186 | |
| Principal Investigator: | Lars Wennberg, MD, PhD | Karolinska University Hospital |
More Information
No publications provided
| Responsible Party: | Lars Wennberg, Associate Professor, Karolinska University Hospital |
| ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT00684372 History of Changes |
| Other Study ID Numbers: | BK study |
| Study First Received: | May 21, 2008 |
| Last Updated: | February 5, 2009 |
| Health Authority: | Sweden: Swedish Research Council Sweden: Medical Products Agency |
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
|
Renal Insufficiency Viremia Virus Diseases Kidney Diseases Urologic Diseases Sepsis Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome Inflammation Pathologic Processes |
Leflunomide Enzyme Inhibitors Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action Pharmacologic Actions Immunosuppressive Agents Immunologic Factors Physiological Effects of Drugs Antirheumatic Agents Therapeutic Uses |
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on May 16, 2013