Transcutaneous Bilirubinometry in Healthy Term and Near-Term Neonates

Objectives: Bilirubin measured by transcutaneous bilirubinometry (TcB) is a reasonably accurate estimate of serum total bilirubin (STB). Observational studies indicate that replacing clinical assessment of bilirubin (CaB) with TcB may result in reduced need for blood sampling for STB estimation. Objective of this study was to determine if routine use of transcutaneous bilirubinometry decrease the need for blood sampling for confirmation of STB in healthy term and near term neonates?

Study design: Study was conducted as a randomized controlled trial at a tertiary care neonatal unit. Healthy neonates born at 35 or more completed weeks of gestation were eligible for enrolment if they had clinically evident jaundice during first week of life. In each enrolled neonate, level of jaundice was assessed by two methods - CaB followed by TcB (BiliCheck®, SpectRx Inc, Norcross, GA). By random allocation method, one of these estimates was used for deciding the need for blood sampling to confirm STB. Need for blood sampling was defined to be present if the bilirubin assessed by the allocated method exceeded 80% of age-specific cut-off for phototherapy as per American Academy of Pediatrics 2004 guidelines. Study had ethics clearance and written informed consent was obtained from parents.