Primary Outcome Measures:
- Prediction of lung cancer risk based on mutagen sensitivity, p53 induction, and apoptosis in cultured lymphocytes
- Development of phenotypic or predictive markers of lung cancer, including mutagen sensitivity, DNA damage-induced cell cycle checkpoints, and serum proteomics
Secondary Outcome Measures:
- Gene-neuro-behavioral interactions for smoking addiction in the control groups
- Relationship between sex-steroid metabolism, estrogen exposure, and lung cancer risk
OBJECTIVES:
Primary
- To determine if mutagen sensitivity, p53 induction, and apoptosis in cultured lymphocytes is predictive of lung cancer risk.
- To investigate and develop phenotypic or predictive markers of lung cancer, including mutagen sensitivity, DNA damage-induced cell cycle checkpoints, and serum proteomics.
Secondary
- To demonstrate gene-neuro-behavioral interactions for smoking addiction in the control groups.
- Determine the relationship between sex-steroid metabolism, estrogen exposure, and lung cancer risk.
OUTLINE: Cases and controls undergo a structured, in-person interview assessing prior medical history and cancer history, tobacco use, alcohol use, current medications, occupational history, family medical history, menstrual history and estrogen use, recent nutritional supplement use, caffeine intake, and socioeconomic status.
Cases and controls also undergo blood and urine sample collection for DNA analysis. The phenotypic markers studied will assess DNA repair with cellular response by using lymphocyte cultures exposed in vitro to radiation, bleomycin, and benzo(a)pyrene-diol-epoxide and measuring induction of chromosomal aberrations, p53 induction, and apoptosis. DNA from cases and controls are also used for genetic polymorphism analysis of carcinogen metabolism, and those related to the dopaminergic system and nicotinic receptors. Previously collected tumor tissue samples from cases are evaluated for estrogen and progesterone receptors.
Purpose
