Drug Levels of Tablet and Liquid Forms of Lamivudine, Nevirapine, and Stavudine in HIV Infected Thai Children
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Purpose
The purpose of this study is to compare the blood levels, absorption, and breakdown of lamivudine (3TC), nevirapine (NVP), and stavudine (d4T) in a fixed-dose tablet to that of the individual liquid formulations of the same anti-HIV drugs in HIV infected Thai children.
| Condition | Intervention | Phase |
|---|---|---|
|
HIV Infections |
Drug: Lamivudine, nevirapine, and stavudine fixed-dose tablet Drug: Lamivudine Drug: Nevirapine Drug: Stavudine |
Phase 1 Phase 2 |
| Study Type: | Interventional |
| Study Design: | Allocation: Randomized Endpoint Classification: Bio-availability Study Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment Masking: Open Label Primary Purpose: Treatment |
| Official Title: | A Phase I/II Comparative Pharmacokinetic Study of the Fixed-Dose Combination (FDC) of Stavudine (d4T), Lamivudine (3TC), and Nevirapine (NVP) as GPO-VIR Pediatric Chewable Tablets Versus the Individual Liquid Formulations in HIV Infected Children 6 Months and Older to Less Than 13 Years of Age in Thailand |
- Comparative bioavailability [ Time Frame: Throughout study ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
- therapeutic adequacy [ Time Frame: Throughout study ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
- Drug absorption from standard pharmacokinetic (PK) analyses [ Time Frame: Throughout study ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
| Enrollment: | 44 |
| Study Start Date: | December 2006 |
| Study Completion Date: | September 2008 |
| Primary Completion Date: | September 2008 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure) |
| Arms | Assigned Interventions |
|---|---|
|
Experimental: A, Stage 1
Tablet containing d4T, 3TC, and NVP taken orally twice daily for the first 4 weeks, then liquid formulations of d4T, 3TC, and NVP taken orally twice daily for the final 4 weeks
|
Drug: Lamivudine, nevirapine, and stavudine fixed-dose tablet
7 mg d4T, 30 mg 3TC, 50 mg NVP tablet
Other Names:
Drug: Lamivudine
Dosage dependent on weight. More information on this criterion can be found in the protocol.
Drug: Nevirapine
Dosage dependent on weight. More information on this criterion can be found in the protocol.
Drug: Stavudine
Dosage dependent on weight. More information on this criterion can be found in the protocol.
|
|
Experimental: A, Stage 2
Tablet containing d4T, 3TC, and NVP taken orally twice daily for 4 weeks, then liquid formulations of d4T, 3TC, and NVP taken orally twice daily for 4 weeks
|
Drug: Lamivudine, nevirapine, and stavudine fixed-dose tablet
7 mg d4T, 30 mg 3TC, 50 mg NVP tablet
Other Names:
Drug: Lamivudine
Dosage dependent on weight. More information on this criterion can be found in the protocol.
Drug: Nevirapine
Dosage dependent on weight. More information on this criterion can be found in the protocol.
Drug: Stavudine
Dosage dependent on weight. More information on this criterion can be found in the protocol.
|
|
Experimental: B, Stage 1
Liquid formulations of d4T, 3TC, and NVP taken orally twice daily for 2 weeks, then tablet containing d4T, 3TC, and NVP taken orally twice daily for 2 weeks
|
Drug: Lamivudine, nevirapine, and stavudine fixed-dose tablet
7 mg d4T, 30 mg 3TC, 50 mg NVP tablet
Other Names:
Drug: Lamivudine
Dosage dependent on weight. More information on this criterion can be found in the protocol.
Drug: Nevirapine
Dosage dependent on weight. More information on this criterion can be found in the protocol.
Drug: Stavudine
Dosage dependent on weight. More information on this criterion can be found in the protocol.
|
|
Experimental: B, Stage 2
Liquid formulations of d4T, 3TC, and NVP taken orally twice daily for 4 weeks, then tablet containing d4T, 3TC, and NVP taken orally twice daily for 4 weeks
|
Drug: Lamivudine, nevirapine, and stavudine fixed-dose tablet
7 mg d4T, 30 mg 3TC, 50 mg NVP tablet
Other Names:
Drug: Lamivudine
Dosage dependent on weight. More information on this criterion can be found in the protocol.
Drug: Nevirapine
Dosage dependent on weight. More information on this criterion can be found in the protocol.
Drug: Stavudine
Dosage dependent on weight. More information on this criterion can be found in the protocol.
|
Detailed Description:
The Thai Ministry of Public Health strives to provide the HIV infected people of Thailand with affordable antiretrovirals (ARVs). A fixed-dose combination tablet of 3TC, NVP, and d4T is recommended as first-line treatment in HIV infected adults in Thailand. There has been no similar product developed for children for several reasons: pediatric dosing is based on age, weight, or body surface area; developmental changes may influence the bioavailability and pharmacokinetics (PK) of ARVs; and medication adherence may also be a problem. The purpose of this study is to gather bioavailability and PK data in children taking a fixed-dose tablet of 3TC, NVP, and d4T. This information will then be compared to the bioavailability and PK of the individual liquid formulations of these ARVs.
This study has two stages. Stage 1 will last a minimum of 4 weeks; Stage 2 will last a minimum of 8 weeks. In Stage 1, patients will be randomly assigned to one of two arms. Arm A will receive the fixed-dose tablet twice daily for 2 weeks, then switch to the individual liquid formulations twice daily for 2 weeks. Arm B will receive the individual liquid formulations twice daily for 2 weeks, then switch to the fixed-dose tablet twice daily for 2 weeks. To encourage medication adherence, study staff will make home visits and phone calls to each patient's parent or guardian the first week of each treatment regimen. Medical history, a physical exam, and urine collection will occur on Days 11 and 25. Also on Days 11 and 25, patients will be admitted to the hospital to ensure 100% medication adherence and to provide blood for PK studies.
Stage 1 patients are not eligible for Stage 2. In Stage 2, patients will be stratified by body weight, then randomly assigned to one of two arms. Arm A will receive the fixed-dose tablet twice daily for 4 weeks, then switch to the individual liquid formulations twice daily for 4 weeks. Arm B will receive the individual liquid formulations twice daily for 4 weeks, then switch to the fixed-dose tablet twice daily for 4 weeks. To encourage medication adherence, study staff will make home visits and phone calls to each patient's parent or guardian the first week of each treatment regimen. Medical history, documentation of direct observation of therapy (DOT), a physical exam, and urine collection will occur on Days 25 and 53. Also on Days 25 and 53, patients will be admitted to the hospital to ensure 100% medication adherence and to provide blood for PK studies.
Eligibility| Ages Eligible for Study: | 6 Months to 13 Years |
| Genders Eligible for Study: | Both |
| Accepts Healthy Volunteers: | No |
Inclusion Criteria for Stages 1 and 2:
- HIV infected
- On a highly active antiretroviral regimen (HAART) including NVP and 2 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and receiving a maintenance of NVP for at least 4 weeks prior to study entry and taking the current recommended oral dose every 12 hours
- Willing to swallow or chew study drugs
- Willing to be hospitalized for the 12 hour PK studies
- Willing to use acceptable forms of contraception
- Parent or guardian willing to provide informed consent
Inclusion Criteria for Stage 1:
- Between 12 to 30 kg (26.5 to 66.1 lbs)
Inclusion Criteria for Stage 2:
- Between 6 to 30 kg (13.2 to 66.1 lbs)
Exclusion Criteria:
- Certain abnormal laboratory values
- Require certain medications
- Grade 2 or greater vomiting within 30 days prior to study entry
- Grade 2 or greater diarrhea within 30 days prior to study entry
- History of immunological failure (CD4 percentage decrease of more than 30% within a 6-month period for children 6 years or younger OR CD4 cell count decrease of more than 30% within a 6-month period for children older than 6 years)
- Current treatment for acute serious bacterial, viral, or opportunistic infection
- History of dose-limiting toxicity requiring treatment discontinuation of any of the study drugs
- Known hypersensitivity to any of the study drugs
- Current surgical or medical problem affecting gastrointestinal motility or absorption (e.g., ileus, ulcerative colitis) or liver function
- Treatment with immune modulators or myelosuppressive, neurotoxic, pancreatotoxic, hepatotoxic, or cytotoxic drugs within 30 days prior to study entry. Patients who have received therapeutic vaccines are not excluded.
- Treatment with experimental drugs within 30 days of study entry
- Acute inflammation of the liver
- Chemotherapy for active cancer
- Any clinically significant diseases other than HIV infection or clinically significant findings that, in the investigator's opinion, may interfere with the study
- Inability to provide a reliable means of contact (e.g., telephone number)
- Pregnancy
Contacts and Locations| Thailand | |
| Siriraj Hospital Mahidol University CRS | |
| Bangkok, Ratchathewi, Thailand, 10700 | |
| Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Pediatric Infectious Unit | |
| Bangkok, Ratchathewi, Thailand, 10400 | |
| Chiang Mai University Pediatrics-Obstetrics CRS | |
| Chiang Mai, Thailand, 50200 | |
| Chonburi Hosp. CRS | |
| Chonburri, Thailand, 20000 TH | |
| Study Chair: | Nirun Vanprapar, MD | Pediatric Infectious Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Siriraj Hopstial, Mahidol University |
More Information
Additional Information:
Publications:
| Responsible Party: | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) |
| ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT00312091 History of Changes |
| Other Study ID Numbers: | P1056, 10139, PACTG P1056, IMPAACT P1056 |
| Study First Received: | April 5, 2006 |
| Last Updated: | September 10, 2012 |
| Health Authority: | United States: Food and Drug Administration |
Keywords provided by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID):
|
Pharmacokinetics Treatment Experienced |
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
|
HIV Infections Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Lentivirus Infections Retroviridae Infections RNA Virus Infections Virus Diseases Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral Sexually Transmitted Diseases Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes Immune System Diseases Slow Virus Diseases Nevirapine Stavudine |
Lamivudine Anti-HIV Agents Anti-Retroviral Agents Antiviral Agents Anti-Infective Agents Therapeutic Uses Pharmacologic Actions Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors Enzyme Inhibitors Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action Antimetabolites |
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on May 16, 2013