Effects of Risperidone and Olanzapine on Patients With Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective Disorder, Major Depression or Bipolar Disorder

Inclusion Criteria:

Subjects must meet all of the following criteria to be eligible for participation in the current research study.

1. Subjects will be males and females between 18-60 years of age
2. Subjects will have a definite diagnosis by DSM-IV criteria of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder or major depression with psychotic symptoms.
3. Subjects may be outpatients or inpatients at the time of entry. They will continue in the study if hospitalization should occur.
4. The subjects or their legal guardian must sign the informed consent form.

Exclusion Criteria:

Subjects who meet any of the following criteria will be excluded from consideration for the current research project.

1. Subjects will be excluded if they have a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) diagnosis other than schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder or depression with psychotic features; however, a concurrent diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder, which does not account for the subjects's psychosis is acceptable..
2. Subject has received continuous treatment of olanzapine or risperidone in the last two months.
3. Subjects receiving continuous treatment with olanzapine or risperidone in the last two months prior to entering the study will be excluded. This means the subject cannot have actually taken olanzapine or risperidone daily for more than four weeks prior to enrollment. There must be a gap of at least two days of not taking medication during that period. The dose for olanzapine cannot exceed 10 mg /day, the dose for risperidone 2 mg/day. The last day of exposure of any kind should be at least seven days before baseline.
4. Subject has been diagnosed as treatment refractory.
5. Subjects unable to speak or read the English language.
6. Subjects with a DSM-IV diagnosis of substance dependence within three months prior to selection. Occasional abuse (defined as bingeing no more than once per week) will not preclude entry.
7. Subjects with a documented disease of the central nervous system, including but not limited to stroke, tumor, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, seizure disorder requiring anticonvulsants, history of brain trauma resulting in documented impairment, chronic infection, neurosyphilis.
8. Subjects with hepatic, renal, atherosclerotic heart disease, arrhythmias or gastrointestinal disease of sufficient degree to interfere with the excretion, absorption, and/or metabolism of trial medication.
9. Subjects with clinical signs of liver disease should be excluded.
10. Subjects with acute (e.g. infection), unstable (e.g. labile hypertension, unstable angina), significant, or untreated medical illness; patients with diastolic blood pressure > 95 mmHg at screening should be treated and stabilized before randomization.
11. Subjects with narrow angle glaucoma, chronic urinary retention and/or clinically significant prostatic hypertrophy, paralytic ileus or related conditions, which in the opinion of the investigator may be exacerbated by the anticholinergic effects of olanzapine.
12. Subjects with a known eating disorder
13. Female subjects who are pregnant or breast-feeding
14. Subjects who are being treated with a depot neuroleptic within one treatment cycle of the beginning of the washout period.
15. Subjects with a history of neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
16. Subjects with a high-risk for suicide.