Chemoprevention Trial for Uremia-Associated Urothelial Carcinoma

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients have pathologically-proven urothelial carcinoma (UC) with a clinical stage <= T3N0M0
• Patients have no visible or identifiable residual UC after treatment with a life expectancy of > 6 months
• Patients have remaining urothelium at risk of recurrence (transplanted renal unit excluded)
• No other active malignancy. Patients who have other primary malignancies should be treated successfully prior to the study entry and should be in a cure or remission state for at least one year.
• Patients are able to take lycopene capsules orally.
• Patients who sign and give informed consents and are willing to conform to the scheduled sampling of the blood, urine and/or tissue

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients who have clinical stage > T3N0M0 or metastatic disease
• Positive urine cytology. Patients who have positive cytology should be subjected to a serial diagnostic workup which may include renal echo, cystoscopy and ureterorenoscopy, and image studies (intravenous urography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance urography, retrograde or antegrade pyelography). If no recurrent or residual tumors are found, patients are still eligible for the study.
• Patients who have ever received systemic chemotherapy within 12 months
• Patients who have gastrointestinal malabsorption regardless of the etiology
• Have known allergic reaction to tomato or lycopene
• Patients who are participating or will participate in other clinical trials
• Patients who have active urinary tract infection can not be accrued until infection is effectively controlled
• Patient's age is less than 18 years