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Radiation Therapy Plus Chemotherapy Followed by Surgery in Treating Patients With Locally Advanced Cancer of the Rectum
This study has been completed.

First Received on October 4, 2000.   Last Updated on February 6, 2009   History of Changes
Sponsor: Radiation Therapy Oncology Group
Collaborator: National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Information provided by: National Cancer Institute (NCI)
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00006366
  Purpose

RATIONALE: Radiation therapy uses high-energy x-rays to damage tumor cells. Drugs used in chemotherapy use different ways to stop tumor cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. It is not yet known which regimen of radiation therapy plus chemotherapy is more effective for rectal cancer.

PURPOSE: Randomized phase II trial to compare two regimens of radiation therapy plus chemotherapy followed by surgery in treating patients who have locally advanced cancer of the rectum.


Condition Intervention Phase
Colorectal Cancer
 Drug: fluorouracil
Drug: irinotecan hydrochloride
Procedure: conventional surgery
Radiation: radiation therapy
 Phase II

Study Type: Interventional
Study Design: Allocation: Randomized
Primary Purpose: Treatment
Official Title: Randomized Phase II Trial of Preoperative Combined Modality Chemoradiation for Distal Rectal Cancer

Resource links provided by NLM:

MedlinePlus related topics: Cancer Colorectal Cancer
Drug Information available for: Fluorouracil Irinotecan U 101440E Irinotecan hydrochloride
U.S. FDA Resources

Further study details as provided by National Cancer Institute (NCI):

Study Start Date: February 2001
Detailed Description:

OBJECTIVES:

  • Compare the pathological complete response, acute and late normal tissue morbidity, patterns of failure, and complete resection rates in patients with locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the distal rectum treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy comprised of hyperfractionated radiotherapy and fluorouracil vs conventional radiotherapy, fluorouracil, and irinotecan, followed by radical resection.

OUTLINE: This is a randomized study. Patients are stratified according to clinical stage (T3 vs T4). Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 treatment arms.

  • Arm I: Patients receive hyperfractionated radiotherapy (RT) twice daily, 5 days a week for 19 days. Patients receive fluorouracil IV continuously over 7 days a week concurrently with RT. Patients with clinical stage T3 or fixed T4 disease also receive a higher boost dose of RT to tumor.
  • Arm II: Patients receive conventional RT once daily, 5 days a week for 25 days. Patients receive fluorouracil IV continuously over 5 days a week concurrently with RT. Patients receive irinotecan IV over 1 hour (immediately prior to RT dose) once weekly for 4 weeks. Patients with clinical stage T3 or fixed T4 disease also receive a lower boost dose of RT to tumor.

Within 4-10 weeks after completion of chemoradiotherapy, patients on both arms undergo radical anterior resection or radical abdominal perineal resection with preferably a total mesorectal resection.

Patients are followed every 3 months for 2 years, every 6 months for 3 years, and then annually thereafter.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A total of 100 patients (50 per arm) will be accrued for this study within 18 months.

  Eligibility

Ages Eligible for Study:   18 Years and older
Genders Eligible for Study:   Both
Accepts Healthy Volunteers:   No
Criteria

DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS:

  • Histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the distal rectum

    • Located 0-9 cm from the dentate line (3-12 cm from the anal verge)

      • No extension of malignant disease into the anal canal
  • Lesions may be mobile stage T3 by endorectal ultrasound OR fixed, defined as clinical stage T4, by palpation
  • No evidence of distant metastases

PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS:

Age:

  • Over 18

Performance status:

  • Zubrod 0-1

Life expectancy:

  • Not specified

Hematopoietic:

  • WBC greater than 4,000/mm^3
  • Platelet count greater than 130,000/mm^3

Hepatic:

  • Bilirubin no greater than 1.5 times upper limit of normal
  • Alkaline phosphatase, SGOT, and LDH normal

Renal:

  • Creatinine normal

Other:

  • Not pregnant or nursing
  • Fertile patients must use effective contraception

  • No other invasive malignancy within the past 5 years except:

    • Inactive nonmelanomatous skin cancer
    • Carcinoma in situ of the cervix
    • Synchronous colonic cancer if tumor is Tis or T1 and has been completely resected
  • No other serious medical illnesses

PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY:

Biologic therapy:

  • Not specified

Chemotherapy:

  • No prior chemotherapy

Endocrine therapy:

  • Not specified

Radiotherapy:

  • No prior radiotherapy to pelvis

Surgery:

  • Not specified

Other:

  • No concurrent antiepileptic drugs
  Contacts and Locations
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00006366

  Show 235 Study Locations
Sponsors and Collaborators
Radiation Therapy Oncology Group
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Investigators
Study Chair: Mohammed M. Mohiuddin, MD Lucille P. Markey Cancer Center at University of Kentucky
  More Information

Additional Information:
Clinical trial summary from the National Cancer Institute's PDQ® database  This link exits the ClinicalTrials.gov site

Publications:
Mohiuddin M, Garcia M, Mitchell E, et al.: 3-year results of RTOG-0012 randomized phase II study of neoadjuvant combined modality chemoradiation for distal rectal cancer. [Abstract] Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 66 (3 Suppl 1): A-2092, S260, 2006.
Mohiuddin M, Winter K, Mitchell E, Hanna N, Yuen A, Nichols C, Shane R, Hayostek C, Willett C; Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Trial 0012. Randomized phase II study of neoadjuvant combined-modality chemoradiation for distal rectal cancer: Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Trial 0012. J Clin Oncol. 2006 Feb 1;24(4):650-5.
Mitchell EP, Winter K, Mohiuddin M, et al.: Randomized phase II trial of preoperative combined modality chemoradiation for distal rectal cancer. [Abstract] J Clin Oncol 22 (Suppl 14): A-3535, 253s, 2004.
Mohiuddin M, Winter K, Mitchell E, et al.: Results of RTOG-0012 randomized phase II study of neoadjuvant combined modality chemoradiation for distal rectal cancer. [Abstract] Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 60 (Suppl 1): A-16, S138, 2004.

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00006366     History of Changes
Other Study ID Numbers: CDR0000068239, RTOG-R-0012, RTOG-DEV-1030
Study First Received: October 4, 2000
Last Updated: February 6, 2009
Health Authority: United States: Federal Government

Keywords provided by National Cancer Institute (NCI):
stage II rectal cancer
stage III rectal cancer
adenocarcinoma of the rectum

Additional relevant MeSH terms:
Rectal Neoplasms
Colorectal Neoplasms
Intestinal Neoplasms
Gastrointestinal Neoplasms
Digestive System Neoplasms
Neoplasms by Site
Neoplasms
Digestive System Diseases
Gastrointestinal Diseases
Intestinal Diseases
Rectal Diseases
Colonic Diseases
Fluorouracil
Irinotecan
Camptothecin
 Antimetabolites
Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action
Pharmacologic Actions
Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic
Antineoplastic Agents
Therapeutic Uses
Immunosuppressive Agents
Immunologic Factors
Physiological Effects of Drugs
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic
Radiation-Sensitizing Agents
Topoisomerase I Inhibitors
Topoisomerase Inhibitors
Enzyme Inhibitors

ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on February 12, 2012



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