Pyrimethamine, Sulfadiazine, and Leucovorin in Treating Patients With Congenital Toxoplasmosis
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Purpose
RATIONALE: Congenital toxoplasmosis is an infection caused by the parasitic organism Toxoplasma gondii, and it may be passed from an infected mother to her unborn child. The mother may have mild symptoms or no symptoms; the fetus, however, may experience damage to the eyes, nervous system, skin, and ears. The newborn may have a low birth weight, enlarged liver and spleen, jaundice, anemia, petechiae, and eye damage. Giving the antiparasitic drugs pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine is standard treatment for congenital toxoplasmosis, but it is not yet known which regimen of pyrimethamine is most effective for the disease.
PURPOSE: Randomized phase IV trial to determine which regimen of pyrimethamine is most effective when combined with sulfadiazine and leucovorin in treating patients who have congenital toxoplasmosis.
| Condition | Intervention | Phase |
|---|---|---|
|
Toxoplasmosis |
Drug: Leucovorin calcium Drug: Pyrimethamine Drug: Spiramycin Drug: Sulfadiazine |
Phase 4 |
| Study Type: | Interventional |
| Study Design: | Allocation: Randomized Endpoint Classification: Safety/Efficacy Study Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment Masking: Single Blind (Outcomes Assessor) Primary Purpose: Treatment |
| Official Title: | Phase IV Randomized Study of Pyrimethamine, Sulfadiazine, and Leucovorin Calcium for Congenital Toxoplasmosis |
- Persistent motor abnormality [ Time Frame: At pre-specified time points ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]
- Vision [ Time Frame: At pre-specified time points ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]
- Hearing [ Time Frame: At pre-specified time points ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]
- New chorioretinal lesion [ Time Frame: At pre-specified time points ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]
- IQ less than 70 [ Time Frame: At pre-specified time points ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]
- Decrease in IQ of greater than or equal to 15 points [ Time Frame: At pre-specified time points ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]
| Estimated Enrollment: | 600 |
| Study Start Date: | July 2000 |
| Estimated Study Completion Date: | December 2030 |
| Estimated Primary Completion Date: | December 2030 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure) |
| Arms | Assigned Interventions |
|---|---|
|
Experimental: 1
This group of infants is treated with a loading dose of oral pyrimethamine followed by a higher dose for the first two months then a lower dose for the remainder of the 12 months. Sulfadiazine and leucovorin calcium are also given orally for 12 months. The pyrimethamine loading dose is omitted if prior prenatal therapy was given.
|
Drug: Leucovorin calcium
See arm descriptions
Drug: Pyrimethamine
See arm descriptions
Drug: Spiramycin
Spiramycin is administered before the fetal diagnosis is made.
Drug: Sulfadiazine
See arm descriptions
|
|
Experimental: 2
This group of infants is treated with a higher dose of oral pyrimethamine for the first 6 months and then the lower dose for the remainder of the 12 months. Sulfadiazine and leucovorin calcium are administered concurrently.
|
Drug: Leucovorin calcium
See arm descriptions
Drug: Pyrimethamine
See arm descriptions
Drug: Spiramycin
Spiramycin is administered before the fetal diagnosis is made.
Drug: Sulfadiazine
See arm descriptions
|
Detailed Description:
PROTOCOL OUTLINE: Infants are randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatment groups. Patients are stratified by disease severity, chorioretinitis, prenatal treatment, and certainty of diagnosis at birth.
One group of infants is treated with a loading dose of oral pyrimethamine followed by a higher dose for the first two months then a lower dose for the remainder of the 12 months. Sulfadiazine and leucovorin calcium are also given orally for 12 months. The pyrimethamine loading dose is omitted if prior prenatal therapy was given.
Another group of infants is treated with a higher dose of oral pyrimethamine for the first 6 months and then the lower dose for the remainder of the 12 months. Sulfadiazine and leucovorin calcium are administered concurrently.
Infected fetuses of pregnant women are nonrandomly assigned to treatment with pyrimethamine, sulfadiazine, and leucovorin calcium after the first trimester. Spiramycin is administered before the fetal diagnosis is made.
Concurrent prednisone for active retinal inflammation or elevated cerebrospinal fluid protein is allowed.
Collaborating physicians will also refer historical controls, who have not been treated in the first year of life or who received one month or less therapy, and are older than one year. Absence of treatment in the first year of life will be due to parental preference, prior inadequate follow-up by the family physicians, or lack of detection or treatment of eye disease before the age of one year in otherwise asymptomatic children. These historical, untreated patients (who enter the study when they are older than one year) will be compared with treated children in the randomized study. These historical patients will not be randomized. Any abnormality requiring treatment (e.g., active chorioretinitis) in any child (including historical patients) will be treated.
All infants are followed at birth, then at age 1, 3.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 15, and 20.
Eligibility| Genders Eligible for Study: | Both |
| Accepts Healthy Volunteers: | No |
PROTOCOL ENTRY CRITERIA:
- Infants with congenital toxoplasmosis Toxoplasma gondii confirmed prior to age 2.5 months
- Pregnant women with evidence of toxoplasma infection by clinical observation and amniotic fluid sampling
- Acute infection acquired during gestation with evidence of fetal infection
- Untreated older children entered as controls
- Asymptomatic congenital toxoplasmosis
- Age more than 1 year
- No treatment within the first year of life
- No more than 1 month of prior therapy
Contacts and Locations| United States, Illinois | |
| University of Chicago | Recruiting |
| Chicago, Illinois, United States, 60637 | |
| Contact: Rima McLeod 773-834-4152 | |
| Study Chair: | Rima McLeod | University of Chicago |
More Information
No publications provided by Office of Rare Diseases (ORD)
Additional publications automatically indexed to this study by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number):
| Responsible Party: | Rima McLeod, MD Professor, University of Chicago |
| ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT00004317 History of Changes |
| Obsolete Identifiers: | NCT00170599 |
| Other Study ID Numbers: | 199/11837, UCCRC-08796, MRH-850410, UCRCC-08796 |
| Study First Received: | October 18, 1999 |
| Last Updated: | May 13, 2009 |
| Health Authority: | United States: Federal Government |
Keywords provided by Office of Rare Diseases (ORD):
|
immunologic disorders and infectious disorders rare disease toxoplasmosis |
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
|
Toxoplasmosis Toxoplasmosis, Congenital Coccidiosis Protozoan Infections Parasitic Diseases Central Nervous System Protozoal Infections Central Nervous System Parasitic Infections Central Nervous System Infections Central Nervous System Diseases Nervous System Diseases Infant, Newborn, Diseases Calcium, Dietary Leucovorin Levoleucovorin Pyrimethamine |
Spiramycin Sulfadiazine Bone Density Conservation Agents Physiological Effects of Drugs Pharmacologic Actions Vitamin B Complex Vitamins Micronutrients Growth Substances Antidotes Protective Agents Antimalarials Antiprotozoal Agents Antiparasitic Agents Anti-Infective Agents |
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on June 18, 2013